打印 概述前列腺癌 4 期指癌细胞扩散到身体其他部位的时期。 大多数前列腺癌在仅发生在前列腺时就会被诊断出来。有时前列腺癌不会引起症状,直到癌细胞扩散才会被发现。当癌细胞扩散到身体其他部位时称为转移性癌症。 治疗可以减缓前列腺癌 4 期的发展进程,或缩小癌细胞,但是大多无法治愈。不过,治疗可以延长生命,减轻癌症症状。产品与服务书籍:《妙佑医疗国际前列腺健康医护指南》 症状前列腺癌 4 期的体征和症状可能包括: 排尿疼痛。 排尿困难。 难以排空膀胱。 小便无力。 尿频。 尿中或精液带血。 背部、臀部或骨盆疼痛。 疲倦。 何时就诊如果持续的症状使您烦恼,请与医生或其他医疗护理专业人员约诊。 申请预约 病因前列腺癌 4 期的病因尚不清楚。在前列腺癌 4 期,前列腺癌细胞已经脱离了原本在前列腺中形成的位置。癌细胞扩散到身体其他部位。 当前列腺中的细胞 DNA 发生突变时,就会出现前列腺癌。细胞的 DNA 含有指示细胞工作的指令。健康细胞中的 DNA 会指示细胞以设定的速率生长和繁殖。这些指令会指示细胞在设定的时间死亡。而由于癌细胞中的 DNA 发生变化,因此会给出不同的指令。这些变化指示癌细胞以远快于平时的速度进行复制。当健康细胞死亡时,癌细胞可以继续存活。这会导致细胞过多。 癌细胞可能在前列腺内形成一个肿块,称为肿瘤。肿瘤可能生长,侵入并破坏周围的健康组织。随着时间的推移,癌细胞可能脱落并扩散到身体其他部位。 扩散到前列腺之外的前列腺癌细胞最常转移到: 淋巴结。 骨骼。 肝脏。 风险因素增加前列腺癌 4 期患病风险的因素: 衰老。前列腺癌的患病风险随年龄增长而增加。 有前列腺癌家族史。某些遗传性 DNA 突变可能会增加前列腺癌的患病风险。这些遗传性 DNA 突变还会增加更具侵袭性的前列腺癌的患病风险。 黑人。出于尚不清楚的原因,黑种人患前列腺癌的风险大于其他种族的人。黑人也更有可能患具侵袭性或晚期前列腺癌。 并发症Some treatments for metastatic prostate cancer can cause thinning bones. This complication can cause bones to break more easily. To help reduce the risk of thinning bones, your healthcare team might recommend that you: Limit how much alcohol you drink. Stop smoking if you smoke. Get 30 minutes of weight-bearing exercise most days of the week. Weight-bearing exercises include activities where your legs carry your weight. Examples include strength training, lifting weights, walking, running, basketball and pickleball. Eat foods that are rich in calcium. Examples include dairy products, such as cheese, milk and yogurt, and some vegetables, such as bok choy, broccoli and kale. Take vitamin supplements, but don't do this without talking with your healthcare team. Your care team can tell you which vitamins to take and how much to take. You might have bone density testing when you start treatment. The test might repeat every year or two to watch for signs of thinning bones. Sometimes medicines can help build up the bones that start to thin. 来自妙佑医疗国际员工 在 Mayo Clinic 治疗 申请预约 诊断与治疗 April 30, 2024 打印 Living with 前列腺癌 4 期? Connect with others like you for support and answers to your questions in the Prostate Cancer support group on Mayo Clinic Connect, a patient community. Prostate Cancer Discussions What is the average age of the gentlemen on here? 450 Replies Thu, Mar 13, 2025 chevron-right Can anyone share their experience with Pluvicto? 122 Replies Wed, Mar 12, 2025 chevron-right Post prostatectomy: What do rising PSA levels mean? 206 Replies Wed, Mar 12, 2025 chevron-right See more discussions 显示参考文献 Niederhuber JE, et al., eds. Prostate cancer. In: Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 1, 2023. Prostate cancer. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1459. Accessed May 1, 2023. Partin AW, et al., eds. Prostate cancer. In: Campbell Walsh Wein Handbook of Urology. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 1, 2023. Adult cancer pain. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=3&id=1413. Accessed May 2, 2023. Hormone therapy for prostate cancer. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/prostate-hormone-therapy-fact-sheet. Accessed May 2, 2023. Prostate cancer treatment (PDQ) — Health professional version. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp. Accessed May 1, 2023. Pluvicto (prescribing information). Novartis AG; 2022. https://www.us.pluvicto.com. Accessed July 26, 2023. Palliative care. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=3&id=1454. Accessed May 1, 2023. Prostate cancer. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/index.htm. Accessed May 3, 2023. 相关 相关医疗程序 CT 扫描 前列腺活检 前列腺癌激素治疗 化疗 外部束辐射治疗前列腺癌 正电子发射断层扫描 磁共振成像 显示更多相关医疗程序 Mayo Clinic 新闻 Treating advanced prostate cancer Dec. 20, 2024, 03:30 p.m. CDT (Video) New hope for patients with metastatic prostate cancer Sept. 05, 2024, 03:24 p.m. CDT 产品与服务 书籍:《妙佑医疗国际前列腺健康医护指南》 前列腺癌 4 期症状与病因诊断与治疗医生与科室在 Mayo Clinic 治疗 Advertisement 妙佑医疗国际不为任何公司或产品背书。广告收入为我们的非营利使命提供支持。 广告与赞助政策 政策 机会 广告选择 妙佑医疗国际出版社 浏览妙佑医疗国际出版社提供的畅销书以及书籍和简报的特别优惠。 CON-20377948 患者护理和健康信息 疾病与状况 前列腺癌 4 期