诊断

为查明您是否患有抑郁症或双相障碍等心境障碍,医生或其他初级医护专业人员可能对您进行体格检查。这项检查将寻找疾病的其他体征。医生将查看您的症状、病史和家族史,以及酒精或药物使用史。

医生需要了解您过去的心境障碍发作情况。问题可能包括:

  • 过去发作的时间有多长?
  • 两次发作之间的间隔有多长?
  • 发作的严重程度如何?
  • 是否有任何发作受到使用街头毒品或药物的影响?

医生还将询问您当前或过去的其他心理健康问题。如有必要,您可能被转诊给心理健康专业人员。

治疗

对于大多数人,心境障碍可以通过谈话疗法、药物或两者联用来治疗。谈话疗法也称为心理疗法。它是一个通用术语,是指通过与心理健康专业人员讨论您的病情及相关问题来治疗心境障碍。

可使用药物来治疗抑郁症和双相障碍。哪种药物最适合您取决于药物对症状的控制效果、您对药物的耐受程度以及您的偏好。药物应与谈话疗法联用以改善效果。

认知行为疗法(CBT)、以家庭为中心的疗法或其他类型的疗法是控制症状或防止症状复发的治疗方法的重要组成部分。

对于某些抑郁症患者,可能建议采用其他医疗程序,有时也称为脑刺激疗法。这些疗法包括经颅磁刺激(TMS)和电休克疗法(ECT)。这些疗法通常被视为次要疗法,在其他疗法无效时使用。

临床试验

探索 Mayo Clinic 的研究 测试新的治疗、干预与检查方法,旨在预防、检测、治疗或控制这种疾病。

April 17, 2024
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