Description and Brand Names
Drug information provided by: Merative, Micromedex®
US Brand Name
- Oseni
Descriptions
Alogliptin and pioglitazone combination is used with proper diet and exercise to treat high blood sugar levels caused by type 2 diabetes. Alogliptin helps to control blood sugar levels by increasing substances in the body that make the pancreas release more insulin. It also signals the liver to stop producing sugar (glucose) when there is too much of it in the blood. Pioglitazone works by helping your body use insulin better. This medicine does not help patients who have insulin-dependent or type 1 diabetes.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
This product is available in the following dosage forms:
Before Using
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of alogliptin and pioglitazone combination in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established. This medicine is not recommended for use in children.
Geriatric
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of alogliptin and pioglitazone combination in the elderly.
Breastfeeding
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Drug Interactions
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
-
Abiraterone Acetate
-
Acarbose
-
Carbamazepine
-
Chloroquine
-
Chlorothiazide
-
Chlorpropamide
-
Chlorthalidone
-
Ciprofloxacin
-
Cyclosporine
-
Dabigatran Etexilate
-
Delafloxacin
-
Enoxacin
-
Furosemide
-
Gatifloxacin
-
Gemfibrozil
-
Gemifloxacin
-
Glimepiride
-
Glipizide
-
Glyburide
-
Grepafloxacin
-
Hydrochlorothiazide
-
Hydroflumethiazide
-
Hydroxychloroquine
-
Ifosfamide
-
Indapamide
-
Insulin
-
Insulin Aspart, Recombinant
-
Insulin Bovine
-
Insulin Degludec
-
Insulin Detemir
-
Insulin Glargine, Recombinant
-
Insulin Glulisine
-
Insulin Lispro, Recombinant
-
Ivosidenib
-
Lanreotide Acetate
-
Levofloxacin
-
Lomefloxacin
-
Mavorixafor
-
Metformin
-
Metolazone
-
Morphine
-
Morphine Sulfate Liposome
-
Moxifloxacin
-
Nateglinide
-
Nifedipine
-
Norfloxacin
-
Octreotide Acetate
-
Ofloxacin
-
Omaveloxolone
-
Pasireotide Diaspartate
-
Phenobarbital
-
Piperaquine
-
Pixantrone
-
Polythiazide
-
Pramlintide
-
Primidone
-
Repaglinide
-
Repotrectinib
-
Rifampin
-
Somatrogon-ghla
-
Sparfloxacin
-
Tenofovir Alafenamide
-
Thioctic Acid
-
Tolazamide
-
Tolbutamide
-
Tolvaptan
-
Topiramate
-
Triamterene
-
Trovafloxacin
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
-
Acebutolol
-
Atenolol
-
Atorvastatin
-
Betaxolol
-
Bisoprolol
-
Bitter Melon
-
Carteolol
-
Carvedilol
-
Celiprolol
-
Clopidogrel
-
Esmolol
-
Fenugreek
-
Glecaprevir
-
Glucomannan
-
Guar Gum
-
Ketoconazole
-
Labetalol
-
Levobunolol
-
Metipranolol
-
Metoprolol
-
Nadolol
-
Nebivolol
-
Nilotinib
-
Oxprenolol
-
Penbutolol
-
Pibrentasvir
-
Pindolol
-
Practolol
-
Propranolol
-
Psyllium
-
Sotalol
-
Timolol
Other Interactions
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
-
Alcohol use disorder or
-
Angioedema (severe allergic reaction), history of with similar antidiabetic medicine or
-
Fragile bones or
-
Gallbladder stones or
-
Pancreas problems, history of—Use with caution. May cause side effects to become worse.
-
Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, throat, arms, or legs), history with this medication or other dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors—Use with caution. May increase the risk of this condition occurring again.
-
Congestive heart failure or
-
Diabetic macular edema (eye disorder) or
-
Edema (fluid retention) or
-
Liver disease—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.
-
Heart failure or
-
Type 1 diabetes—Should not be used in patients with these conditions.
-
Kidney disease, moderate—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body.
Proper Use
Take this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects.
Carefully follow the special meal plan your doctor gave you. This is the most important part of controlling your diabetes, and is necessary if the medicine is to work properly. Exercise regularly and test for sugar in your blood or urine as directed.
This medicine should come with a Medication Guide. Read and follow these instructions carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.
You may take this medicine with or without food.
Swallow the tablet whole. Do not split, crush, break, or chew it.
Dosing
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
-
For oral dosage form (tablets):
-
For type 2 diabetes:
-
Adults—Starting dose is based on the current alogliptin or pioglitazone you are already taking. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed and tolerated. However, the dose is usually not more than 25 milligrams (mg) of alogliptin and 45 mg of pioglitazone once a day.
-
Patients not treated with either alogliptin or pioglitazone—At first, 25 mg of alogliptin and 15 mg of pioglitazone or 25 mg of alogliptin and 30 mg of pioglitazone once a day.
-
Patients already treated with alogliptin—At first, 25 mg of alogliptin and 15 mg of pioglitazone or 25 mg of alogliptin and 30 mg of pioglitazone once a day.
-
Patients already treated with pioglitazone—At first, 25 mg of alogliptin and 15 mg of pioglitazone, 25 mg of alogliptin and 30 mg of pioglitazone, or 25 mg of alogliptin and 45 mg of pioglitazone once a day.
-
Patients already treated with alogliptin and pioglitazone—At first, your dose will be as close as possible to the current alogliptin and pioglitazone you are already taking.
-
Children—Use is not recommended.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Storage
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.
Precautions
It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits to make sure that this medicine is working properly and to decide if you should continue to take it. Blood and urine tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.
Certain women may be at an increased risk for pregnancy while taking this medicine. If you had problems ovulating and had irregular periods in the past, this medicine may cause you to ovulate. This could increase your chance of becoming pregnant. If you are a woman of childbearing potential, you should discuss birth control options with your doctor.
Check with your doctor right away if you have chest pain or tightness, decreased urine output, dilated neck veins, extreme fatigue, irregular breathing, irregular heartbeat, swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs, trouble breathing, or weight gain. These may be signs of heart failure.
If you are rapidly gaining weight, having trouble breathing, chest pain or discomfort, extreme tiredness or weakness, irregular breathing, irregular heartbeat, or excessive swelling of the hands, wrist, ankles, or feet, check with your doctor right away. These may be symptoms of heart problems or fluid retention (too much water in the body).
Pancreatitis (swelling or inflammation of the pancreas) may occur while you are using this medicine. Check with your doctor right away if you have sudden and severe stomach pain, chills, constipation, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, or lightheadedness.
This medicine may cause serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, angioedema, or serious skin reactions (eg, Stevens-Johnson syndrome), which can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin, fever or chills, trouble breathing or swallowing, or any swelling of your hands, face, mouth, or throat while you are using this medicine.
Check with your doctor right away if you have pain or tenderness in the upper stomach, pale stools, dark urine, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, or yellow eyes or skin. These could be symptoms of a serious liver problem.
This medicine may increase the risk for bone fractures in women. Ask your doctor about ways to keep your bones strong to help prevent fractures.
Using this medicine for a long time may increase your risk for bladder cancer. Tell your doctor right away if you have blood in the urine, a frequent, strong, or increased urge to urinate, painful urination, or pain in the back, lower abdomen, or stomach.
Check with your doctor right away if blurred vision, decreased vision, or any other change in vision occurs while you are taking this medicine. Your doctor may want you to have your eyes checked by an ophthalmologist (eye doctor).
This medicine may cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Low blood sugar must be treated before it causes you to pass out (unconsciousness).. People feel different symptoms of low blood sugar. It is important that you learn which symptoms you usually have so you can treat it quickly. Some symptoms of low blood sugar include: behavior changes that are similar to being drunk, blurred vision, cold sweats, confusion, cool, pale skin, difficulty with thinking, drowsiness, excessive hunger, a fast heartbeat, headache, nausea, shakiness, slurred speech, or unusual tiredness or weakness. Talk to your doctor about how to treat low blood sugar.
Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) may occur if you do not take enough or skip a dose of your medicine, overeat or do not follow your diet plan, have a fever or infection, or do not exercise as much as usual. High blood sugar can be very serious and must be treated right away. It is important that you learn which symptoms you have in order to treat it quickly. Talk to your doctor about the best way to treat high blood sugar.
It is very important to carefully follow any instructions from your health care team about:
-
Alcohol—Drinking alcohol may cause severe low blood sugar. Discuss this with your health care team.
-
Other medicines—Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This especially includes nonprescription medicines, such as aspirin, and medicines for appetite control, asthma, colds, cough, hay fever, or sinus problems.
-
Counseling—Other family members need to learn how to help with side effects if they occur. Also, patients with diabetes may need special counseling about the changes in the dosing of their diabetes medicine that might occur with lifestyle changes, such as changes in exercise or diet. Furthermore, counseling on contraception and pregnancy may be needed, because of the problems that can occur in patients with diabetes during pregnancy.
-
Travel—Keep a recent prescription and your medical history with you. Be prepared for an emergency as you would normally. Make allowances for changing time zones and keep your meal times as close as possible to your usual meal times.
-
In case of emergency—There may be a time when you need emergency help for a problem caused by your diabetes. You need to be prepared for these emergencies. It is a good idea to wear a medical identification (ID) bracelet or neck chain at all times. Also, carry an ID card in your wallet or purse that says you have diabetes and that lists all of your medicines.
This medicine may cause severe and disabling joint pain. Call your doctor right away if you have severe joint pain while using this medicine.
This medicine may cause bullous pemphigoid. Tell your doctor if you have large, hard skin blisters while using this medicine.
Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements.
Side Effects
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
-
Anxiety
-
blurred vision
-
chest pain or tightness
-
chills
-
cold sweats
-
confusion
-
cool, pale skin
-
decreased urine output
-
depression
-
dilated neck veins
-
dizziness
-
extreme tiredness or weakness
-
fast heartbeat
-
headache
-
increased hunger
-
irregular breathing
-
irregular heartbeat
-
nausea
-
nightmares
-
seizures
-
shakiness
-
slurred speech
-
swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs
-
trouble breathing
-
unusual tiredness or weakness
-
weight gain
Rare
-
Blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
-
bloating
-
blood in the urine
-
constipation
-
cough
-
darkened urine
-
diarrhea
-
difficulty with swallowing
-
feeling of discomfort
-
fever
-
frequent, strong, or increased urge to urinate
-
hives, itching, or rash
-
indigestion
-
inflammation of the joints
-
joint or muscle pain
-
large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs
-
loss of appetite
-
muscle aches
-
pain in the back, lower abdomen, or stomach
-
painful urination
-
pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
-
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
-
red skin lesions, often with a purple center
-
red, irritated eyes
-
sore throat
-
sores, ulcers, or white spots in the mouth or on the lips
-
swollen lymph glands
-
vomiting
-
yellow eyes or skin
Incidence not known
-
Change in vision
-
general feeling of tiredness or weakness
-
light-colored stools
-
severe joint pain
-
stomach pain, continuing
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Less common
-
Back pain
-
body aches or pain
-
ear congestion
-
loss of voice
-
sneezing
-
stuffy or runny nose
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Portions of this document last updated: Aug. 01, 2024
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/ar/drugs-supplements/alogliptin-and-pioglitazone-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20060766