概述
三维适形放疗属于放射疗法，主要用于癌症治疗。放射疗法可以通过强大的能量束杀死癌细胞。能量可能来自 X 线、质子或其他来源。在三维适形放疗中，光束的形态会精确匹配癌症的形态。
在进行三维适形放疗前，您需要完成高级影像检查，创建癌症的精确影像。通过影像，放射疗法专家可以制定放射束的形态和路径方案。方案向靶点输送高剂量辐射，并把周边健康组织得到的辐射量最小化。
这种放射疗法不仅用于治疗癌症，还可以治疗部分非癌性肿瘤。身体任何部位的癌症和肿瘤均可使用。
自三维适形放疗问世以来，其他多种先进的放射治疗技术也得到研发。放射疗法团队会仔细考虑您的具体情况，选择最适合您的放射疗法类型。选择三维适形放疗还是其他方法，取决于癌症的位置及其周边健康组织的情况。如果您对治疗类型有任何疑虑或疑问，请与放射疗法团队交流。
目的
3D conformal radiation can be used to treat all types of cancer. It also can treat some tumors and conditions that are not cancerous. This type of radiation therapy is particularly useful for cancers and tumors located close to sensitive structures and organs. It can be helpful in areas that have been treated with radiation therapy before.
Since the invention of 3D conformal radiation, many other advanced radiation techniques have been developed. The radiation therapy team carefully considers each situation when choosing the type of radiation that's best to use. Whether you have 3D conformal radiation or another technique depends on the location of the cancer and which healthy tissues are nearby.
If you have concerns or questions about the type of radiation you'll receive, talk with your radiation therapy team.
风险
As with most medical procedures, there are risks to 3D conformal radiation. The specific risks of this type of radiation therapy depend on which part of the body gets the radiation and how much is used.
| Part of body being treated |
Common side effects |
| Any part |
Hair loss at the treatment site that can be permanent, skin irritation at the treatment site, tiredness |
| Head and neck |
Dry mouth, thickened saliva, trouble swallowing, sore throat, changes in the way food tastes, mouth sores |
| Chest |
Trouble swallowing, cough, shortness of breath |
| Abdomen |
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
| Pelvis |
Diarrhea, bladder irritation, urinating often, sexual problems |
If you have side effects, they often can be managed during treatment. After treatment, most side effects go away.
Sometimes side effects happen after treatment. These are called late side effects. Very rarely, a new cancer may develop years or decades after cancer treatment. This cancer can be caused by radiation or other treatments. This is called a second primary cancer. Ask your healthcare professional about side effects that could happen after treatment, both short term and long term.
如何进行准备
Preparing for 3D conformal radiation treatment might involve having imaging tests. These tests typically are computerized tomography, also called CT, or magnetic resonance imaging, also called MRI, scans.
The images from these tests are used to make detailed pictures of the area to be treated. Radiation therapy professionals use the pictures to plan the shape and path of the radiation beams. This planning allows high doses of radiation to be delivered to the target while lowering the amount of radiation that reaches healthy tissue.
可能出现的情况
During 3D conformal radiation treatment, the radiation is carefully focused on the specific shape and size of the cancer or tumor being treated.
结果
After 3D conformal radiation, you might meet with your healthcare team to check on the results of your treatment. You might have imaging tests to see if the cancer is shrinking. Sometimes the cancer responds to treatment right away. Other times, it may take weeks or months to see the treatment working. Ask your care team what you can expect.
Jan. 17, 2025