妊娠期间服用阿司匹林是否安全？
回答 Mary Marnach, M.D.
一般情况下，除非您有某些疾病，否则不建议在孕期使用阿司匹林。
有时医务人员会建议患有凝血障碍的孕妇或有子痫前期病史的孕妇使用低剂量阿司匹林。对于曾发生多次流产或发生其他妊娠丢失的孕妇，医务人员也可能会建议使用低剂量阿司匹林。阿司匹林低剂量为每日约 60 至 100 毫克（mg）。典型的非处方低剂量阿司匹林为 81 mg。在整个妊娠期均可安全使用低剂量阿司匹林。
通常不建议孕期使用较高剂量的阿司匹林。根据不同妊娠阶段，高剂量阿司匹林会带来多种不同风险。
在任何妊娠阶段长期使用高剂量阿司匹林都会增加早产儿脑出血的风险。
如果您在妊娠期间需要使用止痛药，请咨询医务人员。除阿司匹林以外的其他止痛药，例如对乙酰氨基酚（Tylenol 等），可能是更好的选择。
显示参考文献
- AskMayoExpert. Analgesics in pregnancy. Mayo Clinic; 2021.
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- Naimi AI, et al. The effect of preconception-initiated low-dose aspirin on human chorionic gonadotropin-detected pregnancy, pregnancy loss, and live birth. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2021; doi:10.7326/M20-0469.
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- FDA recommends avoiding use of NSAIDs in pregnancy at 20 weeks or later because they can result in low amniotic fluid. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-recommends-avoiding-use-nsaids-pregnancy-20-weeks-or-later-because-they-can-result-low-amniotic. Accessed Oct. 14, 2022.
- Marnach ML (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Oct. 18, 2022.
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/expert-answers/aspirin-during-pregnancy/faq-20058167