短肠综合征

诊断

要诊断短肠综合征，医疗护理专业人员可能建议进行血液或大便检查，以测量营养水平。其他检查可能包括成像医疗程序，例如使用造影剂的 X 线检查（钡 X 线检查）；CT 扫描；MRI；以及 CT 或 MRI 小肠造影，可以显示肠道的堵塞或变化。

治疗

短肠综合征的治疗方案取决于小肠受累的部分、结肠是否完好以及患者自身的偏好。

短肠综合征的治疗可能包括：

• 营养疗法。小肠综合征患者需要遵循特殊饮食，并服用营养补充剂。部分患者可能需要通过静脉（即肠外营养）或营养管（即肠内营养）来获取营养。这是为了防止营养不良。
• 药物。除营养支持外，可能还建议使用药物来帮助控制短肠综合征。其中包括帮助控制胃酸、减少腹泻或改善术后肠道吸收的药物。
• 手术。治疗短肠综合征的手术类型包括减缓营养物质通过肠道的手术或延长肠道的手术（自体胃肠重建）。小肠移植术（SBT）也是可选的治疗方案之一。

准备您的预约

If you or your child has had surgery to remove part of the small intestine, an ongoing part of care is watching for complications, including short bowel syndrome. Your healthcare team will likely include a specialist in digestive diseases, called a gastroenterologist; a surgical team; and a nutrition specialist.

For children who have symptoms of short bowel syndrome but have not had surgery, an appointment will likely start with your pediatrician or family healthcare professional.

The following tips can help you make the best use of the time with your healthcare team.

What you can do

Before any appointment with your team, make a list of:

• Symptoms, including any that seem unrelated to the reason for your appointment.
• Key personal information, including major stresses, recent life changes and family medical history.
• Detailed medical and surgical history, including details highlighting how much of the small intestine was removed.
• All medicines, vitamins or other supplements you or your child take, as well as the doses and reason for taking each one.

If possible, bring a friend or family member who can take notes during appointments. If you get a diagnosis of short bowel syndrome, ask if there are any brochures or websites that provide useful information.

What to expect from your doctor

Questions from your healthcare professional may include:

• When did symptoms begin?
• Do the symptoms come and go, or are they constant?
• Have you experienced unexpected weight loss?
• What foods do you typically eat?
• Have you been diagnosed with any conditions of the digestive tract?
• If so, what treatments have you had?
• What surgeries on your gut have you had?

Questions about your child may include:

• When was your child's most recent wellness visit?
• Is your child being breastfed or drinking formula?
• Is your child eating solid foods?
• How often does your baby have a wet diaper?
• Does your child cry without tears?
• Does your child seem unusually irritable?
• Has your child been diagnosed with any long-term disease?
• What bowel surgeries has your child had?

临床试验

探索 Mayo Clinic 的研究 测试新的治疗、干预与检查方法，旨在预防、检测、治疗或控制这种疾病。