概述

人体会产生白细胞(白血球),其帮助抵抗细菌感染、病毒和真菌。一般来说,白细胞太少或太多会导致:

  • 白细胞计数低(白细胞减少症),即血液循环中的白细胞太少。白细胞长期计数低会增加感染风险,其可能由许多不同疾病和状况引起。
  • 白细胞计数高(白细胞增多症),即血液循环中的白细胞太多,通常是由于感染所致。许多不同的疾病和状况可能引起白细胞长期计数高。

白细胞有几种类型,各有不同的抗病活性。以下是主要类型:

  • 中性粒细胞
  • 淋巴细胞
  • 单核细胞
  • 嗜酸性粒细胞
  • 嗜碱性粒细胞

涉及特定类型白细胞的白血病障碍包括:

  • 中性粒细胞减少症。中性粒细胞减少症是指中性粒细胞数量少。中性粒细胞是一种抵抗真菌和细菌感染的白细胞。中性粒细胞减少症可能由癌症或损害骨髓的疾病、障碍或感染引起。此外,某些药物和其他疾病或病症也会导致中性粒细胞减少症。
  • 淋巴细胞减少症。淋巴细胞减少症是指淋巴细胞减少。淋巴细胞是一种白细胞,可保护您的身体免受病毒感染。淋巴细胞减少症可能由遗传综合征引起,与某些疾病有关,或是有关药物或其他治疗的副作用。
  • 单核细胞疾病。单核细胞有助于清除死亡或受损组织,并调节身体的免疫反应。感染、癌症、自身免疫病和其他疾病可能导致单核细胞数量增加。其数量减少可能是由于毒素、化疗和其他原因所致。
  • 嗜酸性粒细胞增多症。嗜酸性粒细胞增多症是指嗜酸性粒细胞数量高于正常水平。嗜酸性粒细胞是一种抗病白细胞。嗜酸性粒细胞增多症可能由多种病症和异常引起,最常见的是过敏反应或寄生虫感染。
  • 嗜碱性粒细胞疾病。嗜碱性粒细胞占白细胞数量的比例较少,但它们能在伤口愈合、感染和过敏反应中发挥作用。过敏反应或感染可导致嗜碱性粒细胞数量减少。其数量的增加可能是由某些类型的血癌或其他疾病引起。
April 19, 2022

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