概述

肝肺综合征是由肺部血管扩大(扩张)和数量增加所致。此状况会累及晚期肝病患者的肺部。

肺部的这些变化使红细胞难以吸收氧气,导致肺无法向身体输送足够的氧气,从而造成血液中氧水平过低(低氧血症)。

肝病与这种肺部状况的关联尚不明确。肝移植是肝肺综合征唯一的治愈方法。

症状

肝肺综合征常常无任何症状。如果出现症状,则可能包括:

  • 气短,坐着或站着时加重,躺下时改善。
  • 杵状指,即指尖呈张开状,比正常指尖圆。
  • 皮肤下血管破裂(即蜘蛛痣)。
  • 白人患者的嘴唇和皮肤会发青。黑人和棕色人种患者的嘴唇或舌头可能看起来呈浅灰色。这种颜色变化称为发绀。

病因

肝肺综合征是由肺部及其周围的血管扩大(扩张)所致。这会影响从肺部进入血流的氧气量。

造成这种情况的原因尚不明确。也尚不清楚为何部分肝病患者会出现肝肺综合征,而有些患者则不会。

Jan. 19, 2024

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  2. Lange PA, et al. Hepatopulmonary syndrome in adults: Prevalence, causes, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. https//www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 13, 2023.
  3. Hepatopulmonary syndrome. National Organization for Rare Disorders. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/hepatopulmonary-syndrome/. Accessed Oct. 13, 2023
  4. Raevens S, et al. Hepatopulmonary syndrome. JHEP Reports. 2022; doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100527.
  5. Ami TR. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. Dec. 6, 2023.
  6. Baquir M (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Nov. 6, 2023.

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