诊断

人们通常不会到医疗护理专业人员处就诊以寻求宿醉的诊断或治疗。最常见的情况是,您会根据饮酒后第二天早上的症状确认自己是否宿醉。常见症状包括疲劳、口干、头痛、恶心、难以清晰思考、对光和声音的耐受性低。

如果经常性宿醉影响了您的生活质量,包括您的人际关系、学习成绩或工作表现,请咨询医疗护理专业人员。酒精使用问题的治疗方法很常见。

治疗

时间是宿醉唯一明确的治愈良方。症状可持续长达 24 小时。同时,您可以采取以下措施来帮助自己感觉好点:

  • 多喝水。啜饮水或果汁以防止脱水。抵制诱惑,避免喝更多酒来治疗宿醉。那只会让您感觉更糟。
  • 吃点零食。烤面包和薄脆饼干之类的清淡食物可以升高血糖水平,减轻胃部不适。肉汤可以帮助补充流失的盐和钾。
  • 服用止痛药。服用标准剂量的非处方止痛药可以缓解头痛。但在使用这些药物时应谨慎饮酒。阿司匹林和布洛芬(Advil、Motrin IB 等)会对胃产生刺激。酒精和对乙酰氨基酚(Tylenol 等)会相互作用,造成严重肝损害。
  • 上床睡觉。如果睡觉时间足够长,当您醒来时宿醉可能已经消失。

替代医学

市场上有许多治疗宿醉的替代疗法。但研究尚未发现任何天然疗法能够稳定或有效地改善宿醉症状。

在尝试任何替代疗法之前,请先咨询医疗护理专业人员。请记住,天然不一定意味着安全。在您尝试某种治疗方法之前,医疗护理专业人员可以帮助您了解可能的风险和益处。

April 17, 2024
  1. Alcohol's effects on health: Hangovers. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/hangovers. Accessed Nov. 1, 2023.
  2. Verster JC, et al. Unknown safety and efficacy of alcohol hangover treatments puts consumers at risk. Addictive Behaviors. 2021; doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107029.
  3. Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Alcoholic beverages. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/2020-advisory-committee-report. Accessed Feb. 1, 2023.
  4. Palmer E, et al. Alcohol hangover: Underlying biochemical, inflammatory and neurochemical mechanisms. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2019; doi:10.1093/alcalc/agz016.
  5. Devenney LE, et al. Memory and attention during an alcoholic hangover. Human Psychopharmacology. 2019; doi:10.1002/hup.2701.
  6. Roberts E, et al. The efficacy and tolerability of pharmacologically active interventions for alcohol-induced hangover symptomatology: A systematic review of the evidence from randomized placebo-controlled trials. Addiction. 2021; doi:10.1111/add.15786.
  7. Merlo A, et al. An evening of alcohol consumption negatively impacts next-day immune fitness in both hangover-sensitive drinkers and hangover-resistant drinkers. Addictive Behaviors. 2023; doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107776.
  8. Understanding the dangers of alcohol overdose. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/understanding-dangers-of-alcohol-overdose. Accessed Nov. 1, 2023.
  9. Careful: Acetaminophen in pain relief can cause liver damage. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/safe-use-over-counter-pain-relievers-and-fever-reducers/careful-acetaminophen-pain-relief-medicines-can-cause-liver-damage. Accessed Nov. 2, 2023.
  10. Sasso A, et al. Strategies to cut down drinking, alcohol consumption, and usual drinking frequency: Evidence from a British online market research survey. Social Science & Medicine. 2022; doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115280.
  11. Understanding alcohol use disorder. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/understanding-alcohol-use-disorder. Accessed Nov. 3, 2023.
  12. Ramsbottom A, et al. Drinking on an empty stomach: A scoping review of the evidence on how consuming food with alcohol affects short-term outcomes. Journal of Public Health. 2023; doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdac117.
  13. Limit alcohol. National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. https://www.prevention.va.gov/Healthy_Living/Limit_Alcohol.asp#important. Accessed Nov. 8, 2023.
  14. Devi A, et al. Inhibition of ALDH2 by quercetin glucuronide suggests a new hypothesis to explain red wine headaches. Scientific Reports. 2023; doi:10.1038/s41598-023-46203-y.
  15. Hall-Flavin DK (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Dec. 18, 2023.
  16. Kung S (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Dec. 19, 2023.

相关

Mayo Clinic 新闻