诊断

如果您发生糖尿病昏迷,请务必尽快诊断。急救医疗团队将为您进行体格检查,并可能向同行者询问您的病史。如果您患有糖尿病,最好佩戴医疗识别手环或颈环。

化验

您可能需要在医院进行各种化验,以检测下列指标:

  • 血糖水平
  • 血酮水平
  • 血液中氮、肌酐、钾及钠的含量

治疗

糖尿病昏迷需要急诊治疗。治疗类型取决于您的血糖水平是过高还是过低。

高血糖

如果血糖水平过高,您可能需要:

  • 静脉输液为您的身体补充水分
  • 钾、钠或磷酸盐补充剂,以帮助您的细胞正常工作
  • 胰岛素,以帮助您的身体吸收血液中的葡萄糖
  • 任何感染的治疗

低血糖

如果您的血糖水平太低,您可能需要注射胰高血糖素。这将使您的血糖水平快速升高。静脉注射葡萄糖也可提高血糖水平。


准备您的预约

糖尿病昏迷是一种医疗紧急事件,您根本没有时间准备。如果您觉得自己有血糖过高或过低的症状,请拨打 911 或您当地的紧急电话,以确保在您昏迷前得到帮助。

如果身边有糖尿病患者昏倒或行为异常(可能像喝醉了一样),请立即拨打急救电话。

在此期间您可以做什么

如果您没有接受过糖尿病护理培训,请等待急救护理团队到来。

如果您熟悉糖尿病护理,请对失去意识者进行血糖检测,并按照以下步骤操作:

  • 如果血糖水平低于 70 mg/dL(3.9 mmol/L),请注射胰高血糖素。不要试图给服液体,也不要给低血糖者注射胰岛素。
  • 如果血糖水平高于 70 mg/dL(3.9 mmol/L),请等待医疗救助。不要给非低血糖者补糖。
  • 如果您需要医疗救助,请向急救护理团队说明糖尿病患者的情况和您已采取的措施(如有)。

Dec 28, 2022

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  7. Managing diabetes. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/managing-diabetes. Accessed July 11, 2022.
  8. Hirsch IB. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state in adults: Clinical features, evaluation, and diagnosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 11, 2022.
  9. Inzucchi SE, et al. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and initial evaluation of diabetes mellitus in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed July 11, 2022.
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