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Wolfgang Singer, M.D.

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Publications

  1. Liu T, Johnson M, Badihian N, Harmsen WS, Mandrekar J, Jackson LM, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W, Coon EA. Clinical and Laboratory Features Predict Phenoconversion from Sporadic Adult-onset Ataxia to Multiple System Atrophy. Cerebellum. 2024 Dec 5; 24 (1):2 Epub 2024 Dec 05
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  2. Is EE, Ciftci Inceoglu S, Tekin SC, Albayrak B, Sonsoz MR, Kuran B, Singer W. Validation and reliability of the Turkish version of the composite autonomic symptom score 31. Neurol Sci. 2024 Dec; 45 (12):5779-5786 Epub 2024 Sept 24
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  3. Christenson PR, Jeong H, Li M, Ahn H, Schmeichel AM, Misra P, Li D, Savica R, Low PA, Singer W, Larsen PA, Park HY, Oh SH. Blood-Based Nanoparticle-Enhanced Quaking-Induced Conversion (Nano-QuIC): Inhibitor-Resistant Detection of Seeding Activity in Patients Diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. Nano Lett. 2024 Nov 27; 24 (47):15016-15024 Epub 2024 Nov 01
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  4. Alexandres CA, McCarter SJ, Tabatabai GM, LeClair-Visonneau L, Feemster JC, Gossard TR, Strainis EP, Jagielski JT, Kelleher MR, Finstuen T, Ali F, Botha H, Graff-Radford J, Olson EJ, Sandness DJ, Morgenthaler TJ, Kantarci K, Savica R, Singer W, Covassin N, Somers VK, Kirkland JL, Junna M, Lipford M, Matarese CA, Moore JL, Tippmann-Peikert M, Carvalho DZ, Boeve BF, Silber MH, St Louis EK. Phenoconversion in Women and Men With Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Neurology. 2024 Nov 26; 103 (10):e209993 Epub 2024 Oct 25
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  5. Potashman M, Haas JS, Pandit A, Stafkey D, Coric V, Singer W, L'Italien G. The impact of anti-inflammatory therapy on Parkinson's disease incidence: A retrospective cohort study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2024 Nov 7; 130:107194 Epub 2024 Nov 07
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  6. Postuma R, Vorasoot N, St Louis EK, Pelletier A, Lim MM, Elliott J, Gagnon JF, Gan-Or Z, Forsberg LK, Fields JA, Ross OA, Singer W, Huddleston DE, Bliwise DL, Avidan AY, Howell M, Schenck CH, McLeland J, Davis AA, Criswell SR, Videnovic A, During EH, Miglis MG, Boeve BF, Ju YES, McKeon A. Iglon5 frequency in idiopathic rem sleep behavior disorder. Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. 2024 Nov; 11 (6):e200311
  7. Postuma R, Vorasoot N, St Louis EK, Pelletier A, Lim MM, Elliott J, Gagnon JF, Gan-Or Z, Forsberg LK, Fields JA, Ross OA, Singer W, Huddleston DE, Bliwise DL, Avidan AY, Howell M, Schenck CH, McLeland J, Davis AA, Criswell SR, Videnovic A, During EH, Miglis MG, Boeve BF, Ju YS, McKeon A, as the North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy (NAPS) Consortium. IGLON5 Frequency in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Multicenter Study. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2024 Nov; 11 (6):e200311 Epub 2024 Sept 13
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  8. Wechsler JB, Berken JA, Keeley K, Singer W, Jhaveri R, Katz BZ, Fortunato JE, Saps M. Somatic, emotional, and gastrointestinal symptom severity are increased among children and adolescents with COVID-19. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024 Nov; 36 (11):e14909 Epub 2024 Sept 02
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  9. Raghavan S, Lesnick TG, Castillo AM, Reid RI, Fought AJ, Thostenson KB, Johnson Sparrman KL, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Sletten DM, Low PA, Singer W, Vemuri P. White Matter Abnormalities Track Disease Progression in Multiple System Atrophy. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2024 Sep; 11 (9):1085-1094 Epub 2024 June 24
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  10. Eijsvogel P, Misra P, Concha-Marambio L, Boyd JD, Ding S, Fedor L, Hsieh YT, Sun YS, Vroom MM, Farris CM, Ma Y, de Kam ML, Radanovic I, Vissers MFJM, Mirski D, Shareghi G, Shahnawaz M, Singer W, Kremer P, Groeneveld GJ, Yu HJ, Dodart JC. Target engagement and immunogenicity of an active immunotherapeutic targeting pathological alpha-synuclein: a phase 1 placebo-controlled trial. Nat Med. 2024 Sep; 30 (9):2631-2640 Epub 2024 June 20
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  11. Solinsky R, Singer W. Autonomic dysreflexia with relative tachycardia: Potential physiologic pathways for this head scratching clinical finding. PM R. 2024 Aug 10 [Epub ahead of print]
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  12. Rashed HR, Staff NP, Milone M, Mauermann ML, Berini S, Cheshire WP, Coon EA, Fealey RD, Sorenson E, Cutsforth-Gregory J, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W, Shouman K. Autonomic impairment in primary lateral sclerosis. Clin Auton Res. 2024 Aug; 34 (4):421-425 Epub 2024 June 12
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  13. Solinsky R, Burns K, Taylor JA, Singer W. Valsalva maneuver pressure recovery time is prolonged following spinal cord injury with correlations to autonomically-influenced secondary complications. Clin Auton Res. 2024 Aug; 34 (4):413-419 Epub 2024 June 25
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  14. Millar Vernetti P, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Palma JA, Biaggioni I, Shibao CA, Peltier A, Freeman R, Gibbons C, Goldstein DS, Low PA, Singer W, Coon EA, Miglis MG, Wenning GK, Fanciulli A, Vernino S, Betensky RA, Kaufmann H. Phenoconversion in pure autonomic failure: a multicentre prospective longitudinal cohort study. Brain. 2024 Jul 5; 147 (7):2440-2448
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  15. Chia R, Ray A, Shah Z, Ding J, Ruffo P, Fujita M, Menon V, Saez-Atienzar S, Reho P, Kaivola K, Walton RL, Reynolds RH, Karra R, Sait S, Akcimen F, Diez-Fairen M, Alvarez I, Fanciulli A, Stefanova N, Seppi K, Duerr S, Leys F, Krismer F, Sidoroff V, Zimprich A, Pirker W, Rascol O, Foubert-Samier A, Meissner WG, Tison F, Pavy-Le Traon A, Pellecchia MT, Barone P, Russillo MC, Marin-Lahoz J, Kulisevsky J, Torres S, Mir P, Perinan MT, Proukakis C, Chelban V, Wu L, Goh YY, Parkkinen L, Hu MT, Kobylecki C, Saxon JA, Rollinson S, Garland E, Biaggioni I, Litvan I, Rubio I, Alcalay RN, Kwei KT, Lubbe SJ, Mao Q, Flanagan ME, Castellani RJ, Khurana V, Ndayisaba A, Calvo A, Mora G, Canosa A, Floris G, Bohannan RC, Moore A, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Palma JA, Kaufmann H, Kim C, Iba M, Masliah E, Dawson TM, Rosenthal LS, Pantelyat A, Albert MS, Pletnikova O, Troncoso JC, Infante J, Lage C, Sanchez-Juan P, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Pastor P, Morris HR, Albani D, Clarimon J, Wenning GK, Hardy JA, Ryten M, Topol E, Torkamani A, Chio A, Bennett DA, De Jager PL, Low PA, Singer W, Cheshire WP, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Traynor BJ, Gibbs JR, Dalgard CL, Ross OA, Houlden H, Scholz SW. Genome sequence analyses identify novel risk loci for multiple system atrophy. Neuron. 2024 Jul 3; 112 (13):2142-2156.e5 Epub 2024 May 02
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  16. Gibbons CH, Levine T, Adler C, Bellaire B, Wang N, Stohl J, Agarwal P, Aldridge GM, Barboi A, Evidente VGH, Galasko D, Geschwind MD, Gonzalez-Duarte A, Gil R, Gudesblatt M, Isaacson SH, Kaufmann H, Khemani P, Kumar R, Lamotte G, Liu AJ, McFarland NR, Miglis M, Reynolds A, Sahagian GA, Saint-Hillaire MH, Schwartzbard JB, Singer W, Soileau MJ, Vernino S, Yerstein O, Freeman R. Skin Biopsy Detection of Phosphorylated alpha-Synuclein in Patients With Synucleinopathies. JAMA. 2024 Apr 16; 331 (15):1298-1306
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  17. Rasmussen TK, Borghammer P, Finnerup NB, Jensen TS, Hansen J, Knudsen K, Singer W, Lamotte G, Terkelsen AJ. Functional and (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy assessment of cardiac adrenergic dysfunction in diabetes. Auton Neurosci. 2024 Apr; 252:103155 Epub 2024 Feb 07
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  18. Badihian N, Savica R, Adler CH, Wszolek ZK, Jackson LM, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W, Coon EA. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Young-Onset Multiple System Atrophy. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2024 Mar; 11 (3):220-226 Epub 2023 Nov 23
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  19. Singer W, Schmeichel AM, Sletten DM, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Trejo-Lopez J, Suarez MD, Anderson JK, Bass PH, Lesnick TG, Low PA. Neurofilament light chain in spinal fluid and plasma in multiple system atrophy: a prospective, longitudinal biomarker study. Clin Auton Res. 2023 Dec; 33 (6):635-645 Epub 2023 Aug 21
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  20. Rasmussen VF, Schmeichel A, Thrysoe M, Nyengaard JR, Christensen AR, Vestergaard ET, Kristensen K, Terkelsen AJ, Karlsson P, Singer W. Sweat gland nerve fiber density and association with sudomotor function, symptoms, and risk factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Clin Auton Res. 2023 Dec; 33 (6):691-703 Epub 2023 Sept 08
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  21. Rasmussen VF, Thrysoe M, Nyengaard JR, Tankisi H, Karlsson P, Hansen J, Krogh K, Brock C, Kamperis K, Madsen M, Singer W, Vestergaard ET, Kristensen K, Terkelsen AJ. Corrigendum to "neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: confirmatory diagnostic tests, bedside tests, and risk factors"[Diab. Res. Clin. Pract. 201 (2023) 110736]. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2023 Nov; 205:110950
  22. Rasmussen VF, Thrysoe M, Randel Nyengaard J, Tankisi H, Karlsson P, Hansen J, Krogh K, Brock C, Kamperis K, Madsen M, Singer W, Vestergaard ET, Kristensen K, Terkelsen AJ. Corrigendum to "Neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Confirmatory diagnostic tests, bedside tests, and risk factors" [Diab. Res. Clin. Pract. 201 (2023) 110736]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023 Nov; 205:110950 Epub 2023 Oct 17
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  23. Kissoon NR, LeMahieu AM, Stoltenberg AD, Bendel MA, Lamer TJ, Watson JC, Sletten DM, Singer W. Quantitative assessment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy after high-frequency spinal cord stimulation: a pilot study. Pain Med. 2023 Oct 13; 24(Supplement_2):S41-S47.
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  24. Rasmussen VF, Thrysoe M, Nyengaard JR, Tankisi H, Karlsson P, Hansen J, Krogh K, Brock C, Kamperis K, Madsen M, Singer W, Vestergaard ET, Kristensen K, Terkelsen AJ. Neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Confirmatory diagnostic tests, bedside tests, and risk factors. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023 Jul; 201:110736 Epub 2023 June 03
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  25. Schipani BE, Bailey ES, Hooshmand SJ, Badihian N, Sandroni P, Benarroch EE, Bower JH, Low PA, Singer W, Coon EA. Sex and Gender Influence Urinary Symptoms and Management in Multiple System Atrophy. J Mov Disord. 2023 May; 16 (2):196-201 Epub 2023 May 24
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  26. Lamotte G, Singer W. Synucleinopathies. Handb Clin Neurol. 2023; 196:175-202
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  27. Rasmussen TK, Finnerup NB, Singer W, Jensen TS, Hansen J, Terkelsen AJ. Preferential impairment of parasympathetic autonomic function in type 2 diabetes. Auton Neurosci. 2022 Dec; 243:103026 Epub 2022 Sept 15
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  28. Krismer F, Palma JA, Calandra-Buonaura G, Stankovic I, Vignatelli L, Berger AK, Falup-Pecurariu C, Foubert-Samier A, Hoglinger G, Kaufmann H, Kellerman L, Kim HJ, Klockgether T, Levin J, Martinez-Martin P, Mestre TA, Pellecchia MT, Perlman S, Qureshi I, Rascol O, Schrag A, Seppi K, Shang H, Stebbins GT, Wenning GK, Singer W, Meissner WG. The Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale: Status, Critique, and Recommendations. Mov Disord. 2022 Dec; 37 (12):2336-2341 Epub 2022 Sept 08
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  29. Vemuri P, Castillo AM, Thostenson KB, Ward CP, Raghavan S, Reid RI, Lesnick TG, Reddy AL, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Sletten DM, Jack CR Jr, Low PA, Singer W. Imaging biomarkers for early multiple system atrophy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2022 Oct; 103:60-68. Epub 2022 Aug 28.
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  30. Singer W. Recent advances in establishing fluid biomarkers for the diagnosis and differentiation of alpha-synucleinopathies - a mini review. Clin Auton Res. 2022 Aug; 32 (4):291-297 Epub 2022 July 27
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  31. Lamotte G, Coon EA, Suarez MD, Sandroni P, Benarroch E, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Mauermann ML, Berini SE, Shouman K, Sletten D, Goodman BP, Low PA, Singer W. Standardized Autonomic Testing in Patients With Probable Radiation-Induced Afferent Baroreflex Failure. Hypertension. 2022 Jan; 79(1):50-56. Epub 2021 Nov 05.
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  32. Lucien F, Benarroch EE, Mullan A, Ali F, Boeve BF, Mielke MM, Petersen RC, Kim Y, Stang C, Camerucci E, Ross OA, Wszolek ZK, Knopman D, Bower J, Singer W, Savica R. Poly (ADP-Ribose) and alpha-synuclein extracellular vesicles in patients with Parkinson disease: A possible biomarker of disease severity. PLoS One. 2022; 17 (4):e0264446 Epub 2022 Apr 08
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  33. Hilz MJ, Wang R, Singer W. Validation of the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 in the German language. Neurol Sci. 2022 Jan; 43 (1):365-371 Epub 2021 Nov 25
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  34. Badihian N, Jackson LM, Klassen BT, Hassan A, Low PA, Singer W, Coon EA. The Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy. J Parkinsons Dis 2022; 12 (8):2595-2600
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  35. Johnson SA, Shouman K, Shelly S, Sandroni P, Berini SE, Dyck PJB, Hoffman EM, Mandrekar J, Niu Z, Lamb CJ, Low PA, Singer W, Mauermann ML, Mills J, Dubey D, Staff NP, Klein CJ. Small Fiber Neuropathy Incidence, Prevalence, Longitudinal Impairments, and Disability. Neurology. 2021 Nov 30; 97 (22):e2236-e2247 Epub 2021 Oct 27
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  36. Lamotte G, Sandroni P, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Berini SE, Benarroch EE, Shouman K, Mauermann ML, Anderson J, Low PA, Singer W, Coon EA. Clinical presentation and autonomic profile in Ross syndrome. J Neurol. 2021 Oct; 268 (10):3852-3860 Epub 2021 Apr 03
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  37. Schmeichel AM, Coon EA, Parisi JE, Singer W, Low PA, Benarroch EE. Loss of putative GABAergic neurons in the ventrolateral medulla in multiple system atrophy. Sleep. 2021 Sep 13; 44 (9)
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  38. Lamotte G, Coon EA, Suarez MD, Sandroni P, Benarroch EE, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Mauermann ML, Berini SE, Shouman K, Sletten D, Goodman BP, Low PA, Singer W. Natural History of Afferent Baroreflex Failure in Adults. Neurology. 2021 Jul 13; 97(2):e136-e144. Epub 2021 May 04.
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  39. Shouman K, Vanichkachorn G, Cheshire WP, Suarez MD, Shelly S, Lamotte GJ, Sandroni P, Benarroch EE, Berini SE, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Coon EA, Mauermann ML, Low PA, Singer W. Autonomic dysfunction following COVID-19 infection: an early experience. Clin Auton Res. 2021 Jun; 31 (3):385-394 Epub 2021 Apr 16
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  40. Singer W, Schmeichel AM, Shahnawaz M, Schmelzer JD, Sletten DM, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Olson AD, Suarez MD, Misra PP, Soto C, Low PA. Alpha-Synuclein Oligomers and Neurofilament Light Chain Predict Phenoconversion of Pure Autonomic Failure. Ann Neurol. 2021 Jun; 89(6):1212-1220. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
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  41. Cheshire WP, Freeman R, Gibbons CH, Cortelli P, Wenning GK, Hilz MJ, Spies JM, Lipp A, Sandroni P, Wada N, Mano T, Kim HA, Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Idiaquez J, Thaisetthawatkul P, Coon EA, Low PA, Singer W. Corrigendum to "Electrodiagnostic assessment of the autonomic nervous system: A consensus statement endorsed by the American Autonomic Society, American Academy of Neurology, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology" [Clin. Neurophysiol. 132(2) (2021) 666-682]. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 May; 132 (5):1194 Epub 2021 Mar 06
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  42. Stankovic I, Fanciulli A, Kostic VS, Krismer F, Meissner WG, Palma JA, Panicker JN, Seppi K, Wenning GK, MoDiMSA Study Group. Laboratory-Supported Multiple System Atrophy beyond Autonomic Function Testing and Imaging: A Systematic Review by the MoDiMSA Study Group. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2021 Apr; 8 (3):322-340 Epub 2021 Mar 10
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  43. Palma JA, Vernetti PM, Perez MA, Krismer F, Seppi K, Fanciulli A, Singer W, Low P, Biaggioni I, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Pellecchia MT, Marti MJ, Kim HJ, Merello M, Stankovic I, Poewe W, Betensky R, Wenning G, Kaufmann H. Limitations of the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale as outcome measure for clinical trials and a roadmap for improvement. Clin Auton Res. 2021 Apr; 31 (2):157-164 Epub 2021 Feb 07
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  44. Brinth L, Pors K, Mehlsn J, Sletten DM, Terkelsen AJ, Singer W. Translation and linguistic validation of the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score COMPASS 31 in Danish. Dan Med J. 2021 Feb 09; 69(3).
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  45. Cheshire WP, Freeman R, Gibbons CH, Cortelli P, Wenning GK, Hilz MJ, Spies JM, Lipp A, Sandroni P, Wada N, Mano A, Ah Kim H, Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Idiaquez J, Thaisetthawatkul P, Coon EA, Low PA, Singer W. Electrodiagnostic assessment of the autonomic nervous system: A consensus statement endorsed by the American Autonomic Society, American Academy of Neurology, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Feb; 132 (2):666-682 Epub 2020 Dec 22
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  46. Jagadish S, Singer W, Kotagal S. Autonomic dysfunction in childhood hypersomnia disorders. Sleep Med. 2021 Feb; 78:43-48 Epub 2020 Dec 08
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  47. Wernick AI, Walton RL, Soto-Beasley AI, Koga S, Heckman MG, Valentino RR, Milanowski LM, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Koziorowski D, Hassan A, Uitti RJ, Cheshire WP, Singer W, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Low PA, Ross OA. Frequency of spinocerebellar ataxia mutations in patients with multiple system atrophy. Clin Auton Res. 2021 Feb; 31 (1):117-125 Epub 2021 Jan 27
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  48. Mukherjee A, Al-Lahham R, Corkins ME, Samanta S, Schmeichel AM, Singer W, Low PA, Govindaraju T, Soto C. Identification of Multicolor Fluorescent Probes for Heterogeneous Abeta Deposits in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021; 13:802614 Epub 2022 Feb 03
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  49. Pellecchia MT, Stankovic I, Fanciulli A, Krismer F, Meissner WG, Palma JA, Panicker JN, Seppi K, Wenning GK, Members of the Movement Disorder Society Multiple System Atrophy Study Group. Can Autonomic Testing and Imaging Contribute to the Early Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy? A Systematic Review and Recommendations by the Movement Disorder Society Multiple System Atrophy Study Group. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2020 Oct; 7 (7):750-762 Epub 2020 Sept 03
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  50. Singer W, Schmeichel AM, Shahnawaz M, Schmelzer JD, Boeve BF, Sletten DM, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Olson AD, Savica R, Suarez MD, Soto C, Low PA. Alpha-Synuclein Oligomers and Neurofilament Light Chain in Spinal Fluid Differentiate Multiple System Atrophy from Lewy Body Synucleinopathies. Ann Neurol. 2020 Sep; 88 (3):503-512 Epub 2020 Aug 01
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  51. Coon EA, Mandrekar JN, Berini SE, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W. Predicting phenoconversion in pure autonomic failure. Neurology. 2020 Aug 18; 95 (7):e889-e897 Epub 2020 June 16
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  52. McCarter SJ, Coon EA, Savica R, St Louis EK, Bower JH, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low P, Singer W. Lower Vitamin B12 Level at Multiple System Atrophy Diagnosis Is Associated With Shorter Survival. Mov Disord. 2020 Aug; 35 (8):1462-1466 Epub 2020 Apr 22
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  53. Figueroa JJ, Cheshire WP, Claydon VE, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Peltier A, Singer W, Snapper H, Vernino S, Raj SR, American Autonomic Society. Autonomic function testing in the COVID-19 pandemic: an American Autonomic Society position statement. Clin Auton Res. 2020 Aug; 30 (4):295-297 Epub 2020 June 11
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  54. McCarter SJ, Gehrking TL, St Louis EK, Suarez MD, Boeve BF, Silber MH, Low PA, Singer W. Autonomic dysfunction and phenoconversion in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Clin Auton Res. 2020 Jun; 30 (3):207-213 Epub 2020 Mar 19
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  55. Coon EA, Singer W. Synucleinopathies. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2020 Feb; 26 (1):72-92
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  56. Desai A, Low PA, Camilleri M, Singer W, Burton D, Chakraborty S, Bharucha AE. Utility of the plasma pancreatic polypeptide response to modified sham feeding in diabetic gastroenteropathy and non-ulcer dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 Feb; 32 (2):e13744 Epub 2019 Oct 22
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  57. Shahnawaz M, Mukherjee A, Pritzkow S, Mendez N, Rabadia P, Liu X, Hu B, Schmeichel A, Singer W, Wu G, Tsai AL, Shirani H, Nilsson KPR, Low PA, Soto C. Discriminating alpha-synuclein strains in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. Nature. 2020 Feb; 578 (7794):273-277 Epub 2020 Feb 05
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  58. Barboi A, Gibbons CH, Axelrod F, Benarroch EE, Biaggioni I, Chapleau MW, Chelimsky G, Chelimsky T, Cheshire WP, Claydon VE, Freeman R, Goldstein DS, Joyner MJ, Kaufmann H, Low PA, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Robertson D, Shibao CA, Singer W, Snapper H, Vernino S, Raj SR, American Autonomic Society. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and autonomic disorders: a position statement from the American Autonomic Society. Clin Auton Res. 2020 Feb; 30 (1):13-18 Epub 2019 Sept 02
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  59. Barboi A, Gibbons CH, Axelrod F, Benarroch EE, Biaggioni I, Chapleau MW, Chelimsky G, Chelimsky T, Cheshire WP, Claydon VE, Freeman R, Goldstein DS, Joyner MJ, Kaufmann H, Low PA, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Robertson D, Shibao CA, Singer W, Snapper H, Vernino S, Raj SR, American Autonomic Society. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and autonomic disorders: a position statement from the American Autonomic Society. Auton Neurosci. 2020 Jan; 223:102550
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  60. Corfits J, Singer W, Sandroni P, Fealey RD, Coon EA, Benarroch EE, Berini SE, Mauermann ML, Sletten DM, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Schmelzer JD, Low PA. Elimination of spurious absent sweat response in QSWEAT recordings. Auton Neurosci. 2019 Dec; 222:102589 Epub 2019 Oct 23
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  61. McCarter SJ, Feemster JC, Tabatabai GM, Sandness DJ, Timm PC, McCarter AR, Talley HN, Junna MR, Savica R, Singer W, Coon EA, Benarroch EE, Josephs KA, Boeve BF, Silber MH, St Louis EK. Submentalis Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Muscle Activity: A Potential Biomarker for Synucleinopathy. Ann Neurol. 2019 Dec; 86 (6):969-974
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  62. van Gerpen JA, Al-Shaikh RH, Tipton PW, Wszolek ZK, Uitti RJ, Ferman TJ, Dickson DW, Benarroch EE, Singer W, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Heckman MG, Brushaber DE, Josephs KA, Low PA, Ahlskog JE, Cheshire WP. Progressive supranuclear palsy is not associated with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Neurology. 2019 Oct 1; 93 (14):e1339-e1347 Epub 2019 Sept 04
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  63. Coon EA, Singer W, Low PA. Pure Autonomic Failure. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019 Oct; 94 (10):2087-2098 Epub 2019 Sept 09
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  64. Jackson L, Coon EA, Ahlskog JE, Bower JH, Sandroni P, Benarroch EE, Mandrekar JN, Low PA, Singer W. Earlier age of onset in multiple system atrophy with smoking and heavy alcohol use. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2019 Sep; 66:212-215 Epub 2019 July 17
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  65. Singer W, Dietz AB, Zeller AD, Gehrking TL, Schmelzer JD, Schmeichel AM, Gehrking JA, Suarez MD, Sletten DM, Minota Pacheco KV, Coon EA, Sandroni P, Benarroch EE, Fealey RD, Matsumoto JY, Bower JH, Hassan A, McKeon A, Windebank AJ, Mandrekar JN, Low PA. Intrathecal administration of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in multiple system atrophy. Neurology. 2019 Jul 2; 93 (1):e77-e87 Epub 2019 May 31
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  66. Stankovic I, Quinn N, Vignatelli L, Antonini A, Berg D, Coon E, Cortelli P, Fanciulli A, Ferreira JJ, Freeman R, Halliday G, Hoglinger GU, Iodice V, Kaufmann H, Klockgether T, Kostic V, Krismer F, Lang A, Levin J, Low P, Mathias C, Meissner WG, Kaufmann LN, Palma JA, Panicker JN, Pellecchia MT, Sakakibara R, Schmahmann J, Scholz SW, Singer W, Stamelou M, Tolosa E, Tsuji S, Seppi K, Poewe W, Wenning GK, Movement Disorder Society Multiple System Atrophy Study Group. A critique of the second consensus criteria for multiple system atrophy. Mov Disord. 2019 Jul; 34 (7):975-984 Epub 2019 Apr 29
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  67. Coon EA, Nelson RM, Sletten DM, Suarez MD, Ahlskog JE, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Mandrekar JN, Low PA, Singer W. Sex and gender influence symptom manifestation and survival in multiple system atrophy. Auton Neurosci. 2019 Jul; 219:49-52. Epub 2019 Apr 24.
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  68. Chakraborty S, Halland M, Burton D, Desai A, Neja B, Low P, Singer W, Camilleri M, Zinsmeister AR, Bharucha AE. GI Dysfunctions in Diabetic Gastroenteropathy, Their Relationships With Symptoms, and Effects of a GLP-1 Antagonist. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Jun 1; 104 (6):1967-1977
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  69. Minota K, Schmeichel AM, Gehrking JA, Mandrekar JN, Low PA, Singer W. Refined Quantitation of Sweat Gland Innervation. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2019 May 1; 78 (5):453-459
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  70. Staff NP, Jones DT, Singer W. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019 May; 94 (5):892-905
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  71. Cutsforth-Gregory JK, McKeon A, Coon EA, Sletten DM, Suarez M, Sandroni P, Singer W, Benarroch EE, Fealey RD, Low PA. Ganglionic Antibody Level as a Predictor of Severity of Autonomic Failure. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018 Oct; 93(10):1440-1447. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
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  72. Ogaki K, Heckman MG, Koga S, Martens YA, Labbe C, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Walton RL, Soto AI, Vargas ER, Fujioka S, Uitti RJ, van Gerpen JA, Cheshire WP, Younkin SG, Wszolek ZK, Low PA, Singer W, Bu G, Dickson DW, Ross OA. Association study between multiple system atrophy and TREM2 p.R47H. Neurol Genet. 2018 Aug; 4 (4):e257 Epub 2018 Aug 01
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  73. Ogaki K, Martens YA, Heckman MG, Koga S, Labbe C, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Wernick AI, Walton RL, Soto AI, Vargas ER, Nielsen HM, Fujioka S, Kanekiyo T, Uitti RJ, van Gerpen JA, Cheshire WP, Wszolek ZK, Low PA, Singer W, Dickson DW, Bu G, Ross OA. Multiple system atrophy and apolipoprotein E. Mov Disord. 2018 Apr; 33 (4):647-650 Epub 2018 Feb 14
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  74. Coon EA, Ahlskog JE, Silber MH, Fealey RD, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Mandrekar JN, Low PA, Singer W. Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors improve survival in multiple system atrophy? Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2018 Mar; 48:51-53 Epub 2017 Dec 14
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  75. Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Kaufmann H, Palma JA, Shibao CA, Biaggioni I, Peltier AC, Singer W, Low PA, Goldstein DS, Gibbons CH, Freeman R, Robertson D, Autonomic Disorders Consortium. Orthostatic heart rate changes in patients with autonomic failure caused by neurodegenerative synucleinopathies. Ann Neurol. 2018 Mar; 83 (3):522-531 Epub 2018 Mar 10
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  76. Stewart JM, Boris JR, Chelimsky G, Fischer PR, Fortunato JE, Grubb BP, Heyer GL, Jarjour IT, Medow MS, Numan MT, Pianosi PT, Singer W, Tarbell S, Chelimsky TC, Pediatric Writing Group of the American Autonomic Society. Pediatric Disorders of Orthostatic Intolerance. Pediatrics. 2018 Jan; 141 (1) Epub 2017 Dec 08
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  77. Rasmussen TK, Hansen J, Low PA, Sandroni P, Singer W, Jensen TS, Terkelsen AJ. Autonomic function testing: Compliance and consequences. Auton Neurosci. 2017 Dec; 208:150-155 Epub 2017 Oct 18
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  78. Singer W, Low PA. Early Orthostatic Hypotension and Orthostatic Intolerance-More Than an Observation or Annoyance. JAMA Intern Med 2017 Sep 1; 177 (9):1324-1325
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  79. Singer W, Berini SE, Sandroni P, Fealey RD, Coon EA, Suarez MD, Benarroch EE, Low PA. Pure autonomic failure: Predictors of conversion to clinical CNS involvement. Neurology. 2017 Mar 21; 88 (12):1129-1136 Epub 2017 Feb 15
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  80. Coon EA, Fealey RD, Sletten DM, Mandrekar JN, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W. Anhidrosis in multiple system atrophy involves pre- and postganglionic sudomotor dysfunction. Mov Disord. 2017 Mar; 32(3):397-404. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
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  81. Kaufmann H, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Palma JA, Biaggioni I, Low PA, Singer W, Goldstein DS, Peltier AC, Shibao CA, Gibbons CH, Freeman R, Robertson D, Autonomic Disorders Consortium. Natural history of pure autonomic failure: A United States prospective cohort. Ann Neurol. 2017 Feb; 81 (2):287-297
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  82. Loavenbruck AJ, Singer W, Mauermann ML, Sandroni P, Dyck PJ, B Dyck PJ, Gertz M, Klein CJ, Low PA. Transthyretin amyloid neuropathy has earlier neural involvement but better prognosis than primary amyloid counterpart: an answer to the paradox? Ann Neurol. 2016 Sep; 80 (3):401-11 Epub 2016 July 25
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  83. Labbe C, Heckman MG, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Murray ME, Ogaki K, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Walton RL, Fujioka S, Koga S, Uitti RJ, van Gerpen JA, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Younkin SG, Boeve BF, Cheshire WP Jr, Low PA, Sandroni P, Coon EA, Singer W, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Ross OA. MAPT haplotype diversity in multiple system atrophy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016 Sep; 30:40-5 Epub 2016 June 16
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  84. Coon EA, Fealey RD, Benarroch EE, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W. Purple hands in multiple system atrophy: Global anhidrosis with preserved acral sweating. Neurology. 2016 Jun 14; 86 (24):2314
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  85. Coon EA, Sletten DM, Suarez MD, Mandrekar JN, Ahlskog JE, Bower JH, Matsumoto JY, Silber MH, Benarroch EE, Fealey RD, Sandroni P, Low PA, Singer W. Clinical features and autonomic testing predict survival in multiple system atrophy. Brain. 2015 Dec; 138(Pt 12):3623-31. Epub 2015 Sep 13.
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  86. Low PA, Reich SG, Jankovic J, Shults CW, Stern MB, Novak P, Tanner CM, Gilman S, Marshall FJ, Wooten F, Racette B, Chelimsky T, Singer W, Sletten DM, Sandroni P, Mandrekar J. Natural history of multiple system atrophy in the USA: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2015 Jul; 14 (7):710-9 Epub 2015 May 27
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  87. Figueroa JJ, Singer W, Sandroni P, Sletten DM, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Low P, Basford JR. Effects of patient-controlled abdominal compression on standing systolic blood pressure in adults with orthostatic hypotension. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Mar; 96 (3):505-10 Epub 2014 Nov 06
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  88. Singer W, Low PA. Optimizing clinical trial design for multiple system atrophy: lessons from the rifampicin study. Clin Auton Res. 2015 Feb; 25 (1):47-52 Epub 2015 Mar 13
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  89. Loavenbruck A, Iturrino J, Singer W, Sletten DM, Low PA, Zinsmeister AR, Bharucha AE. Disturbances of gastrointestinal transit and autonomic functions in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2015 Jan; 27(1):92-8. Epub 2014 Dec 06.
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  90. Litchy WJ, Albers JW, Wolfe J, Bolton CF, Walsh N, Klein CJ, Zafft AJ, Russell JW, Zwirlein M, Overland CJ, Davies JL, Carter RE, Dyck PJ, CI. Nphys Trial 4 Investigators. Proficiency of nerve conduction using standard methods and reference values (Cl. NPhys Trial 4). Muscle Nerve. 2014 Dec; 50 (6):900-8 Epub 2014 Oct 30
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  91. Leavitt JA, Singer W, Brown WL, Pulido JS, Brodsky MC. Retinal and pontine striations: neurodiagnostic signs of autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay. J Neuroophthalmol. 2014 Dec; 34(4):369-71.
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  92. Figueroa JJ, Bott-Kitslaar DM, Mercado JA, Basford JR, Sandroni P, Shen WK, Sletten DM, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Low PA, Singer W. Decreased orthostatic adrenergic reactivity in non-dipping postural tachycardia syndrome. Auton Neurosci. 2014 Oct; 185:107-11. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
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  93. Wada N, Singer W, Gehrking TL, Sletten DM, Schmelzer JD, Kihara M, Low PA. Determination of vagal baroreflex sensitivity in normal subjects. Muscle Nerve. 2014 Oct; 50(4):535-40. Epub 2014 Aug 05.
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  94. Wada N, Singer W, Gehrking TL, Sletten DM, Schmelzer JD, Low PA. Comparison of baroreflex sensitivity with a fall and rise in blood pressure induced by the Valsalva manoeuvre. Clin Sci (Lond). 2014 Sep; 127(5):307-13.
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  95. Argyros B, Russell JW, Gahnstrom LE, Nalepa S, Albers JW, Lodermeier KA, Zafft AJ, Dyck PJ, Dyck PJ, Klein CJ, Litchy WJ, Davies JL, Carter RE, Melton LJ 3rd, members of the Cl versus NPhys Trials. Multicenter trial of the proficiency of smart quantitative sensation tests. Muscle Nerve. 2014 May; 49 (5):645-53 Epub 2014 Jan 28
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  96. Low PA, Robertson D, Gilman S, Kaufmann H, Singer W, Biaggioni I, Freeman R, Perlman S, Hauser RA, Cheshire W, Lessig S, Vernino S, Mandrekar J, Dupont WD, Chelimsky T, Galpern WR. Efficacy and safety of rifampicin for multiple system atrophy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2014 Mar; 13 (3):268-75 Epub 2014 Feb 05
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  97. Vincent A, McAllister SJ, Singer W, Toussaint LL, Sletten DM, Whipple MO, Low PA. A report of the autonomic symptom profile in patients with fibromyalgia. J Clin Rheumatol. 2014 Mar; 20(2):106-8.
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  98. Figueroa JJ, Singer W, Parsaik A, Benarroch EE, Ahlskog JE, Fealey RD, Parisi JE, Sandroni P, Mandrekar J, Iodice V, Low PA, Bower JH. Multiple system atrophy: Prognostic indicators of survival. Mov Disord. 2014; 29(9):1151-7.
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  99. Dyck PJ, Albers JW, Wolfe J, Bolton CF, Walsh N, Klein CJ, Zafft AJ, Russell JW, Thomas K, Davies JL, Carter RE, Melton LJ 3rd, Litchy WJ, Clinical vs. Neurophysiology Trial 3 Investigators. A trial of proficiency of nerve conduction: greater standardization still needed. Muscle Nerve. 2013 Sep; 48 (3):369-74 Epub 2013 July 17
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  100. Park KJ, Singer W, Sletten DM, Low PA, Bharucha AE. Gastric emptying in postural tachycardia syndrome: a preliminary report. Clin Auton Res. 2013 Aug; 23(4):163-7. Epub 2013 May 25.
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  101. Parsaik AK, Singer W, Allison TG, Sletten DM, Joyner MJ, Benarroch EE, Low PA, Sandroni P. Orthostatic intolerance without postural tachycardia: how much dysautonomia? Clin Auton Res. 2013 Aug; 23(4):181-8. Epub 2013 Jun 01.
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  102. Parsaik AK, Ahlskog JE, Singer W, Gelfman R, Sheldon SH, Seime RJ, Craft JM, Staab JP, Kantor B, Low PA. Central hyperadrenergic state after lightning strike. Clin Auton Res. 2013 Aug; 23 (4):169-73 Epub 2013 June 13
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  103. Klaas JP, Burkholder DB, Singer W, Boes CJ. Harry Lee Parker and paroxysmal dysarthria and ataxia. Neurology 2013 Jan 15; 80 (3):311-4
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  104. Sletten DM, Suarez GA, Low PA, Mandrekar J, Singer W. COMPASS 31: a refined and abbreviated Composite Autonomic Symptom Score. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Dec; 87(12):1196-201.
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  105. Dyck PJ, Overland CJ, Low PA, Litchy WJ, Davies JL, Dyck PJ, Dyck PJ, Carter RE, Melton LJ, Andersen H, Melton LJ, Albers JW, Bolton CF, England JD, Klein CJ, Llewelyn G, Mauermann ML, Russell JW, Selvarajah D, Singer W, Smith AG, Tesfaye S, Vella A. "Unequivocally Abnormal" vs "Usual" Signs and Symptoms for Proficient Diagnosis of Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Cl vs N Phys Trial. Arch Neurol. 2012 Dec; 69 (12):1609-14
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  106. Parsaik A, Allison TG, Singer W, Sletten DM, Joyner MJ, Benarroch EE, Low PA, Sandroni P. Deconditioning in patients with orthostatic intolerance. Neurology. 2012 Oct 02; 79(14):1435-9. Epub 2012 Sep 19.
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  107. Kimpinski K, Figueroa JJ, Singer W, Sletten DM, Iodice V, Sandroni P, Fischer PR, Opfer-Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Low PA. A prospective, 1-year follow-up study of postural tachycardia syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Aug; 87(8):746-52. Epub 2012 Jul 15.
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  108. Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Burton DD, Camilleri M, Mullan BP, Lipp A, Sandroni P, Gehrking TL, Sletten DM, Ahlskog JE, Fealey RD, Singer W, Low PA. The role of autonomic testing in the differentiation of Parkinson's disease from multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Sci. 2012 Jun 15; 317(1-2):92-6. Epub 2012 Mar 14.
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  109. Figueroa JJ, Bosch EP, Dyck PJ, Singer W, Vrana JA, Theis JD, Dogan A, Klein CJ. Amyloid-like IgM deposition neuropathy: a distinct clinico-pathologic and proteomic profiled disorder. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2012 Jun; 17 (2):182-90
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  110. Iodice V, Lipp A, Ahlskog JE, Sandroni P, Fealey RD, Parisi JE, Matsumoto JY, Benarroch EE, Kimpinski K, Singer W, Gehrking TL, Gehrking JA, Sletten DM, Schmeichel AM, Bower JH, Gilman S, Figueroa J, Low PA. Autopsy confirmed multiple system atrophy cases: Mayo experience and role of autonomic function tests. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Apr; 83(4):453-9. Epub 2012 Jan 06.
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  111. Singer W, Sletten DM, Opfer-Gehrking TL, Brands CK, Fischer PR, Low PA. Postural tachycardia in children and adolescents: what is abnormal? J Pediatr. 2012 Feb; 160(2):222-6. Epub 2011 Oct 11.
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  112. Singer W, Yung IO, Wollmann R, Kelly T, Keegan BM. A middle-aged woman with nausea, weight loss, and orthostatic hypotension. Neurology. 2011 Aug 2; 77(5):489-95.
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  113. Dyck PJ, Overland CJ, Low PA, Litchy WJ, Davies JL, Dyck PJ, O'Brien PC, Cl vs. NPhys Trial Investigators, Albers JW, Andersen H, Bolton CF, England JD, Klein CJ, Llewelyn JG, Mauermann ML, Russell JW, Singer W, Smith AG, Tesfaye S, Vella A. Signs and symptoms versus nerve conduction studies to diagnose diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy: Cl vs. NPhys trial. Muscle Nerve. 2010 Aug; 42(2):157-64.
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  114. Lipp A, Sandroni P, Ahlskog JE, Fealey RD, Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Gehrking TL, Weigand SD, Sletten DM, Gehrking JA, Nickander KK, Singer W, Maraganore DM, Gilman S, Wenning GK, Shults CW, Low PA. Prospective differentiation of multiple system atrophy from Parkinson disease, with and without autonomic failure. Arch Neurol. 2009 Jun; 66(6):742-50.
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  115. Singer W, Engelstad JK, Dyck PJ. NeuroImages: the beautiful feet of neuropathy. Neurology. 2009 Apr 7; 72(14):1281.
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  116. Vernino S, Sandroni P, Singer W, Low PA. Invited Article: Autonomic ganglia: target and novel therapeutic tool. Neurology. 2008 May 13; 70(20):1926-32.
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  117. Low PA, Singer W. Management of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: an update. Lancet Neurol. 2008 May; 7 (5):451-8
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  118. Schrezenmaier C, Singer W, Swift NM, Sletten D, Tanabe J, Low PA. Adrenergic and vagal baroreflex sensitivity in autonomic failure. Arch Neurol. 2007 Mar; 64(3):381-6.
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  119. Singer W, Opfer-Gehrking TL, Nickander KK, Hines SM, Low PA. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition in patients with orthostatic intolerance. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Oct; 23(5):476-81.
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  120. Singer W, Sandroni P, Opfer-Gehrking TL, Suarez GA, Klein CM, Hines S, O'Brien PC, Slezak J, Low PA. Pyridostigmine treatment trial in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Arch Neurol. 2006 Apr; 63 (4):513-8 Epub 2006 Feb 13
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  121. Sandroni P, Opfer-Gehrking TL, Singer W, Low PA. Pyridostigmine for treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension [correction of hypertension]--a follow-up survey study. Clin Auton Res. 2005 Feb; 15 (1):51-3
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  122. Singer W, Spies JM, McArthur J, Low J, Griffin JW, Nickander KK, Gordon V, Low PA. Prospective evaluation of somatic and autonomic small fibers in selected autonomic neuropathies. Neurology. 2004 Feb 24; 62 (4):612-8
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  123. Singer W, Opfer-Gehrking TL, McPhee BR, Hilz MJ, Bharucha AE, Low PA. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition: a novel approach in the treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003 Sep; 74 (9):1294-8
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  124. Singer W, Shen WK, Opfer-Gehrking TL, McPhee BR, Hilz MJ, Low PA. Heart rate-dependent electrocardiogram abnormalities in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome. Auton Neurosci. 2003 Jan 31; 103 (1-2):106-13
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  125. Singer W, Shen WK, Opfer-Gehrking TL, McPhee BR, Hilz MJ, Low PA. Evidence of an intrinsic sinus node abnormality in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc. 2002 Mar; 77(3):246-52.
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  126. Singer W, OpferGgehrking TL, McPhee BR, Hilz MJ, Low PA. Influence of posture on the Valsalva manoeuvre. Clin Sci (Lond). 2001 Apr; 100: (4)433-40.
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  127. Tani H, Singer W, McPhee BR, Opfer-Gehrking TL, Haruma K, Kajiyama G, Low PA. Splanchnic-mesenteric capacitance bed in the postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Auton Neurosci. 2000 Dec 28; 86(1-2):107-13.
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  128. Hilz MJ, Hecht M, Berghoff M, Singer W, Neundörfer B. Abnormal vasoreaction to arousal stimuli - an early sign of diabetic sympathetic neuropathy demonstrated by Laser Doppler flowmetry. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2000; 17(4):419-25.
  129. Hilz MJ, Stemper B, Sauer P, Haertl U, Singer W, Axelrod FB. Cold face test demonstrates parasympathetic cardiac dysfunction in familial dysautonomia. Am J Physiol. 1999; 276:R1833-9.
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