怀孕期间,宫颈长度有什么意义?
回答 Yvonne Butler Tobah, M.D.
宫颈长度是指子宫下端的长度。怀孕期间,子宫颈的长度可能会过早缩短,从而增加未足月分娩和早产的风险。未足月分娩是指怀孕 20 周至 36 周零 6 天期间开始的分娩。早产发生得越早,婴儿的健康风险就越大。
怀孕前,宫颈(连接阴道的子宫下部)处于封闭状态,长而结实。怀孕期间,宫颈会逐渐变软。当母亲准备分娩时,宫颈长度会缩短,最后在准备好分娩时张开。如果宫颈在 37 周前开始张开,可能会发生早产。
如果您有未足月分娩的体征和症状,您的医务人员可能会进行超声波检查,以测量您的宫颈长度。相关体征和症状包括定期或频繁的宫缩、持续的腰痛、隐隐背痛、阴道分泌物类型变化或骨盆压力感。医务人员也可能会为您进行盆腔检查,以确定您的宫颈是否已开始打开。
如果超声波显示您的宫颈长度小于 29 毫米但大于 25 毫米,医务人员可能会建议更频繁进行超声检查,以监测您的宫颈长度。如果您在怀孕 24 周之前的宫颈长度小于 25 毫米(宫颈较短),并且您只怀了一个孩子,医务人员可能会考虑使用缝线或合成带来加固您的宫颈(宫颈环扎术)。
如果您有早产史,您的医务人员也可能会讨论注射黄体酮,这可能会有降低再次早产风险的益处。请记住,黄体酮注射的使用研究正在进行中。
如果您担心怀孕期间的宫颈长度,请咨询医务人员。医务人员可以回答您的问题,帮助您了解如何促进健康怀孕。
With
Yvonne Butler Tobah, M.D.
显示参考文献
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Dec. 15, 2022Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/expert-answers/cervical-length/faq-20058357