研究表明，终身食用富含大豆的食品可降低女性患乳腺癌的风险。对于较少食用大豆，或在年龄较大时才开始食用大豆的女性来说，这种保护效果不太明显。大豆中富含蛋白质、异黄酮和纤维等有益健康的物质。
曾经一度有人认为，大豆食品会增加患乳腺癌的风险。然而，适量食用大豆食品并不会增加患乳腺癌或其他类型癌症的风险。适量是指每天食用一到两份全大豆食品，如豆腐、豆浆和毛豆。
大豆会增加患乳腺癌的风险这一观点源自哪里？这是因为大豆中含有的异黄酮是植物雌激素。大量摄入雌激素可能会增加患乳腺癌的风险。然而，大豆食品中的异黄酮含量不足以增加患乳腺癌的风险。
相反，大豆补充剂或异黄酮补充剂中通常具有较高的异黄酮含量。一些研究表明，对于有乳腺癌或甲状腺疾病家族病史或个人病史的女性，大豆补充剂或异黄酮补充剂可能会增加她们患乳腺癌的风险。
服用补充剂前，请先咨询您的医生或营养师。
显示参考文献
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Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/soy-breast-cancer-risk/faq-20120377