味精(MSG)是一种调味剂,经常添加在餐馆食物、罐装蔬菜、罐装汤和熟食肉等食品中。美国食品药品管理局已将 MSG 列为一种“公认安全”的食品成分。但其使用仍存在争议。因此,FDA 要求在食品中添加 MSG 时,必须在标签上明确注明。
作为食品添加剂,MSG 已被使用了许多年。在此期间,FDA 收到了许多报告,内容关于人们将用餐后的一些令人担忧的反应归咎于食物中添加的 MSG。这些反应称为 MSG 症侯群,包括:
- 头痛
- 潮红
- 出汗
- 面部压迫或紧绷
- 面部、颈部等部位发麻、刺痛或灼烧
- 心跳加快、扑动
- 胸部疼痛
- 感到恶心
- 虚弱
但研究人员并未发现明确证据证明 MSG 和这些症状之间存在联系。但研究人员承认,少数人可能对 MSG 有短期反应。通常症状轻微,不需要治疗。防止出现反应的唯一方法是不食用含 MSG 的食物。
显示参考文献
- Questions and answers on monosodium glutamate (MSG). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm328728.htm. Accessed March 25, 2022.
- AskMayoExpert. Ophthalmic migraine (typical aura without migraine). Mayo Clinic; 2021.
- Simon RA. Allergies and asthmatic medications to food additives. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed March 25, 2022.
- Ferri F. Food and drug additive reactions. Clinical overview. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 25, 2022.
- Wahlstedt A, et al. MSG is A-OK: Exploring the xenophobic history of and best practices for consuming monosodium glutamate. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 25, 2022.
April 20, 2022Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/monosodium-glutamate/faq-20058196