应该扔掉长有霉菌的软奶酪,如农家奶酪、奶油干酪和意大利乳清干酪。任何切条、切碎或切片的奶酪也是如此。
这些奶酪可能已经遍布霉菌菌丝,污染程度远远超过表面显现。此外,李斯特菌、布鲁氏菌、沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌等有害细菌,都可能与霉菌一起生长。
霉菌通常无法深入硬奶酪和半软奶酪,如切达干酪、科尔比干酪、帕尔马干酪和瑞士干酪。所以您可以切掉发霉的部分,吃掉剩下的奶酪。发霉点周围和下方应至少切掉 1 英寸(2.5 厘米)。一定不要让刀接触霉菌,以避免污染奶酪的其他部分。
当然,并不是所有的霉菌都会带来风险。有一些种类的霉菌可用来制作奶酪,如布里干酪和卡蒙贝尔奶酪。健康成人食用这些霉菌是安全的。然而,免疫力低下的人、老年人、孕妇和婴幼儿最好避免食用此类奶酪以及其他使用未经巴氏消毒的牛奶制成的其他软奶酪和奶酪。
如果您不确定您的奶酪属于哪种类型,或者在奶酪长霉时不确定该怎么办,安全的做法是扔掉它。
显示参考文献
- Foodborne illness: What consumers need to know. U.S. Department of Agriculture. http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodborne-illness-and-disease/foodborne-illness-what-consumers-need-to-know/ct_index. Accessed Aug. 28, 2018.
- Molds on food: Are they dangerous? U.S. Department of Agriculture. http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/molds-on-food-are-they-dangerous_/ct_index. Accessed Aug. 28, 2018.
- AskMayoExpert. Listeria. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2018.
- Zeratsky KA (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Aug. 28, 2018.
Oct. 07, 2022Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/food-and-nutrition/faq-20058492