如果我正在备孕,可关注哪些排卵体征?
回答 Mary Marnach, M.D.
了解您的排卵时间,排卵前五天和排卵当天有规律地同房,有望提高受孕几率。
排卵是卵巢释放成熟卵子的过程。卵子在释放后,将沿输卵管向下移动,并在此停留 12 至 24 小时,以便受精。适当条件下,精子在性交后最长可在女性生殖道内存活五天。活精子在排卵期进入输卵管时,怀孕几率最高。
平均 28 天的月经周期中,排卵通常发生在下一个经期开始前 14 天左右。但是,每个人的月经周期长度可能不同,从排卵到下一个月经期开始的时间也可能有别。许多女性的月经周期并非是 28 天,如果您也是如此,请通过记录月经日历来确定月经周期时长和最可能排卵的时间。
除了记录月经日历之外,您还可以关注排卵体征和症状,包括:
- 阴道分泌物(宫颈黏液)的变化。即将排卵前,您可能会发现阴道分泌物变得更透明、更湿润且更有延展性。排卵后,宫颈黏液会减少、变厚、混浊且不明显。
- 基础体温的变化。排卵期期间,您在休息状态下的体温(基础体温)会稍微升高。每天早晨起床前,使用专门设计的体温计来测量基础体温。记录结果,并寻找显现的规律。温度升高之前的 2 至 3 天内,您最容易受孕。
您还可以试试非处方排卵试剂盒,有助于您确定何时最有可能排卵。这些试剂盒可检测排卵前尿液中激素激增的情况。结果呈阳性后大约 36 小时排卵。
显示参考文献
- Welt CK. Evaluation of the menstrual cycle and timing of ovulation. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 3, 2021.
- Jennings V. Fertility awareness-based methods of pregnancy prevention. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 3, 2021.
- Hornstein MD, et al. Optimizing natural fertility in couples planning pregnancy. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Nov. 3, 2021.
- FAQs: Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning. Accessed Nov. 3, 2021.
- Trying to conceive. Office on Women's Health. https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/you-get-pregnant/trying-conceive. Accessed Nov. 3, 2021.
- Your menstrual cycle. Office on Women's Health. https://www.womenshealth.gov/menstrual-cycle/your-menstrual-cycle. Accessed Nov. 3, 2021.
Feb. 17, 2023Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/expert-answers/ovulation-signs/faq-20058000