选择性流产：会影响以后的怀孕吗？

选择性流产是否会增加后续怀孕出现问题的风险？

回答 Yvonne Butler Tobah, M.D.

一般而言，选择性流产不会导致以后的生育能力问题或怀孕时的并发症。

但未来怀孕的风险可能取决于选择性流产的类型：

药物流产。在怀孕早期服用药物使胎儿流产。只要在医疗保健团队的指导下，选择性药物流产似乎不会增加未来妊娠并发症的风险。
手术流产。这是一种经阴道将胎儿从子宫中取出的外科类手术。该手术通常使用抽吸器或一种叫做“刮匙”的工具来完成。尽管许多研究表明，手术流产对未来怀孕的影响有限，但一项针对多项研究的综述表明，既往手术流产与早产和低出生体重的风险略微增加存在关联。使用刮匙进行多次手术流产的女性有风险在子宫内膜形成瘢痕（阿谢曼综合征）。该医疗状况与将来难以怀孕有关。

如果您做过选择性流产，并担心可能对未来怀孕有影响，请咨询您的医务人员。医务人员可以帮助您了解潜在风险，以及为了促进健康怀孕可以采取的措施。

With

Yvonne Butler Tobah, M.D.

Steinauer J. Overview of pregnancy termination. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed June 16, 2020.
Frequently asked questions: Special procedures FAQ043: Induced abortion. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/patient-resources/faqs/special-procedures/induced-abortion. Accessed June 16, 2020.
Frequently asked questions: Special procedures FAQ062: Dilation and curettage. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/patient-resources/faqs/special-procedures/dilation-and-curettage. Accessed June 16, 2020.
Saccone G, et al. Prior uterine evacuation of pregnancy as independent risk factor for preterm birth: A systematic review and metaanalysis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2016; doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.044.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No. 143: Medical management of first-trimester abortion. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2014; doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000444454.67279.7d. Reaffirmed 2016.

Dec. 15, 2022