成人正常静息心率为每分钟 60-100 次。
一般而言,静息时较低的心率意味着更有效的心脏功能和更好的心血管适应性。例如,一位训练有素的运动员可能有接近每分钟 40 次的正常静息心率。
要测量您的心率,只需检查您的脉搏即可。将食指和中指放在您的脖子上,置于气管一侧。要检查手腕处的脉搏,请将两个手指放在手腕拇指侧桡动脉上方的骨头和肌腱之间。
当您感觉到脉搏时,计算 15 秒内的心跳次数。将这个数字乘以 4,就是您每分钟的心跳次数。
请记住,许多因素可能影响心率,包括:
- 年龄
- 健身和运动水平
- 吸烟
- 患有心血管疾病、高胆固醇或糖尿病
- 气温
- 体位(例如站起身或躺下)
- 情绪
- 体型
- 用药
尽管心率有广泛的正常范围,但异常高或异常低的心率可能提示有基础疾病。如果您的静息心率持续高于 100 次/分钟(心动过速)或您不是受训运动员而静息心率低于 60 次/分钟(心动过缓),尤其是如果您还伴有昏厥、头晕或呼吸短促等其他体征或症状,请向医生咨询。
显示参考文献
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- Know your target heart rates for exercise, losing weight and health. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/fitness/fitness-basics/target-heart-rates. Accessed July 31, 2018.
- Sauer WH. Normal sinus rhythm and sinus arrhythmia. https://www.uptodate.com/content/search. Accessed July 31, 2018.
- Fatisson J, et al. Influence diagram of physiological and environmental factors affecting heart rate variability: An extended literature overview. Heart International. 2016;11:e32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5056628. Accessed July 31, 2018.
- Laskowski ER (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Aug. 1, 2018.
- Riebe D, et al., eds. Client fitness assessments. In: ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2018.
Oct. 08, 2022Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/expert-answers/heart-rate/faq-20057979