热痉挛是指在高温环境下活动时可能发生的疼痛性肌痉挛。出汗多的人可能容易出现热痉挛。这是因为出汗会导致体液和电解质流失，通常会引起热痉挛。
热痉挛经常累及小腿、手臂、腹部和背部的肌肉。但热痉挛可能发生于任何参与运动的肌肉群。
如果您怀疑自己出现热痉挛：
- 稍事休息并冷身。
- 喝澄清果汁（比如苹果汁）或含有电解质的运动饮料。
- 进行活动关节的柔和拉伸，轻轻按摩受累肌群。
- 热痉挛消退后几个小时内不要做任何剧烈运动。
如果热痉挛在一小时内没有消失，请致电医务人员。如果您有心脏问题或正在进行低钠饮食，您也应寻求医疗救治。
显示参考文献
- Frequently asked questions (FAQ) about extreme heat. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/faq.html. Accessed March 18, 2024.
- Ishimine P. Heat illness (other than heat stroke) in children. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed March 18, 2024.
- Walls RM, et al., eds. Heat illness. In: Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 10th ed. Elsevier; 2023. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 18, 2024.
- O'Connor FG, et al. Exertional heat illness in adolescents and adults: Management and prevention. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed March 18, 2024.
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/first-aid/first-aid-heat-cramps/basics/art-20056669