概述
滑膜肉瘤是一种罕见的癌症，通常在大关节（主要是膝关节）附近发生。滑膜肉瘤通常累及年轻成人。
滑膜肉瘤最开始表现为可以快速增殖并破坏健康组织的细胞生长物。首发症状通常是肿胀或皮肤下肿块。肿块可能疼痛，也可能不疼痛。
滑膜肉瘤几乎可发生在身体的任何部位。最常见的部位是腿部和手臂。
滑膜肉瘤是一种称为软组织肉瘤的癌症。这些癌症发生在身体的结缔组织中。软组织肉瘤有很多种类型。
症状
Signs and symptoms of synovial sarcoma depend on where the cancer starts. Most people notice a painless lump or bump that slowly gets bigger. The lump usually starts near the knee or ankle, but it can appear on any part of the body.
Synovial sarcoma symptoms may include:
- A lump or bump under the skin that slowly gets bigger.
- Joint stiffness.
- Pain.
- Swelling.
Synovial sarcoma that happens in the head or neck can cause other symptoms. These may include:
- Problems breathing.
- Difficulty swallowing.
- Changes in the way the voice sounds.
When to see a doctor
Make an appointment with a doctor or other healthcare professional if you have any symptoms that don't go away and that worry you.
病因
It's not clear what causes synovial sarcoma.
This kind of cancer forms when cells develop changes in their DNA. A cell's DNA holds the instructions that tell the cell what to do. In healthy cells, the DNA gives instructions to grow and multiply at a set rate. The instructions tell the cells to die at a set time. In cancer cells, the DNA changes give different instructions. The changes tell the cancer cells to make many more cells quickly. Cancer cells can keep living when healthy cells would die. This causes too many cells.
The cancer cells might form a mass called a tumor. The tumor can grow to invade and destroy healthy body tissue. In time, cancer cells can break away and spread to other parts of the body. When cancer spreads, it's called metastatic cancer.
风险因素
Younger age is a risk factor for synovial sarcoma. This cancer happens most often in older children and young adults.
There is no way to prevent synovial sarcoma.