什么是发生枯萎卵的原因？会出现哪些症状？
回答 Mary Marnach, M.D.
枯萎卵是一种导致早期流产的特定妊娠类型的旧称。现在被称为无胚胎妊娠。
在健康妊娠中，卵子与精子结合后受孕，发育成未出生胎儿最初的形式，称为胚胎。但在无胚胎妊娠中，胚胎未得以形成，或是在形成过程中停止并被身体重新吸收。发生这种情况的原因往往不能确定，但可能是由于受精卵的染色体（含有基因的结构）异常所致。
无胚胎妊娠最常见于怀孕早期，有时甚至出现在您得知自己怀孕之前。但是，您可能因为妊娠测试结果或错过一次经期而发现早期妊娠。
测试可能检测出人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG），显示您已经怀孕。受精卵附着在子宫壁上时，人体就开始分泌这种妊娠激素。然后，由胎盘（在妊娠期间形成的为胎儿输送营养和氧气的器官）细胞释放 HCG。无胚胎妊娠伴有短暂的胎盘开始形成时期。
您可能会出现孕早期的症状，如乳房触痛、胃部不适和呕吐。但是当胚胎停止生长，激素水平下降时，妊娠症状往往会消退。
此时，您可能会出现轻度痉挛或盆腔痛，阴道会有少量点滴出血或出血。子宫的超声图像会显示一个充满液体的内空结构（孕囊），里面没有胚胎。健康妊娠的孕囊中包有胚胎。
无胚胎妊娠终会流产。有些人选择等待自然流产，而另一些人则选择通过药物引流。在某些情况下，会通过刮宫术吸出子宫中的妊娠相关组织。
大多数出现过无胚胎妊娠的人后来都能成功怀孕。如果您连续两次或多次流产，请与医生或其他医疗护理专业人员交谈，找出任何潜在原因。
显示参考文献
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Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/pregnancy-loss-miscarriage/expert-answers/blighted-ovum/faq-20057783