三年没来例假，我以为自己已经绝经了。但在上个月，我又来例假了。我今年 50 岁。我是不是出现了什么问题？
回答 Tatnai Burnett, M.D.
绝经意味着以后都不会来月经且不能怀孕了。当您 12 个月没来月经时，就可以视为已进入绝经期。
在绝经后发生阴道出血是不正常的。您应尽快就医并接受检查，或者去看妇科医生（即在女性生殖器官疾病诊断和治疗方面接受过特别培训的医生）。
这种类型的出血也称为绝经后阴道出血。可能的病因有：
- 子宫癌、宫颈癌或阴道癌
- 子宫或阴道内膜组织较薄
- 子宫肌瘤或子宫息肉，即子宫内有非癌组织生长
- 子宫内膜感染
- 激素治疗（他莫昔芬或其他药物）
- 损伤、性侵或伴侣虐待
- 邻近身体部位（例如泌尿道或直肠）出血
- 子宫内膜增生，即子宫内膜过度生长并变厚
出血可能是某些无害的原因所致，也可能是某些严重问题导致。因此，您务必要尽快去看妇科医生或其他医务人员以接受检查。
With
Tatnai Burnett, M.D.
显示参考文献
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- AskMayoExpert. Postmenopausal bleeding (adult). Mayo Clinic; 2022.
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Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/menopause/expert-answers/bleeding-after-menopause/faq-20058396