最近，我女儿在足球比赛中被人踢到头部。当时似乎没问题，但稍后她的额头上出现一个颇大的肿包。是这是否需要引起注意？
回答 David J. Daniels, M.D., Ph.D.
大概不能。父母常担心因玩闹或体育运动所致的头部创伤，但碰一下头实际上很少导致严重损伤。
额头和头皮分布着大量血管。这些部位受伤往往导致皮下出血。如果出血限制在一个区域内，会引起淤血和肿胀（血肿）。请注意，即使头部轻微碰撞也可能造成一个大包。
孩子的速度、冲力和个头（例如少年和幼儿），都可能增加严重受伤的可能性。撞击的力量（例如与水泥地面或其他坚硬表面的冲击力）也会增加严重受伤的可能性。
何时就医
美国儿科学会建议，头部轻微碰撞之外的所有情况，均应联系孩子的医护团队。
如果您的孩子意识清醒，能够正常活动并可对您作出回应，则损伤可能为轻度。轻度损伤通常不需要进一步检查。
有时，头部撞击可能严重到在脑内或脑部周围引起出血。这种类型的出血可能引起颅内血肿，这是一种压迫脑部的严重状况。
如果头部受伤引起持续症状，即使不需要急救护理，也请在受伤后 1 至 2 天内就医。
如果孩子出现以下情况，请寻求急救医疗护理：
如果孩子在头部受伤后出现以下症状，可能意味着出现了脑震荡，请寻求急救护理：
- 头痛加剧。
- 平衡感出现问题。
- 呕吐。
- 鼻或耳中有血液或透明液体流出。
- 记忆丧失或意识模糊。
- 情绪变化，例如易怒。
With
David J. Daniels, M.D., Ph.D.
显示参考文献
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Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/intracranial-hematoma/expert-answers/head-injury/faq-20058442