疫苗接种要求简史和疫苗研究的高光时刻 1855 年到 2021 年 了解美国主要疫苗接种要求的发展历史和妙佑医疗国际疫苗研究的高光时刻。 1855 年 马萨诸塞州率先要求儿童在上学前接种天花疫苗,以防止天花在学校传播。 1900 年代 美国多个州要求儿童在首次入学前(进入学前班前)接种疫苗,例如天花疫苗。 1963 年 美国有 20 个州要求(强制规定)儿童在开始上学前必须接种数种疫苗。 1977 年 美国启动一项儿童疫苗接种倡议项目,要在两年内将全国接种疫苗的儿童人数提高到 90%。 2020 年 显示更多 显示更多美国始于1977年的儿童疫苗接种倡议计划的信息。 1980 年 美国所有州均有与儿童入学前进行疫苗接种相关的法律。部分州对部分疫苗有强制要求。 显示更多 显示更多美国各州1980年代疫苗接种相关法律的信息。 1998 年 到 1998-1999 年,除四个州外,美国其他所有州都对学前班至十二年级的学生设有疫苗接种要求(强制规定)。 显示更多 显示更多 1998 年至 1999 年期间美国各州对学生在入学或上大学前的接种疫苗要求。 2020 年 一项名为“2020 年健康人群”的美国全国倡议项目提出了疫苗接种和传染病控制的目标。 显示更多 显示更多这项疫苗接种和传染病控制全美倡议项目的信息。 2021 年 妙佑医疗国际的研究人员继续从多个方面对疫苗进行探索。研究领域包括…… 显示更多 显示更多妙佑医疗国际在传染病和疫苗领域研究的信息。 关闭 1977 年 美国启动一项儿童疫苗接种倡议项目,要在两年内将全国接种疫苗的儿童人数提高到 90%。1980 年时,首次入学的美国儿童接种疫苗的比例出现上升。麻疹、风疹和白喉破伤风百日咳(DTP)疫苗接种率提高至 96%,脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种率 96%,流行性腮腺炎疫苗接种率 92%。 详细了解 儿童疫苗:尖锐问题,直言应对 疫苗相关事实以及人们需要了解的信息 妙佑医疗国际一分钟:儿童期疫苗接种补种 对疫苗未来的展望 关闭 1980 年 美国所有州均有与儿童入学前进行疫苗接种相关的法律。部分州对部分疫苗有强制要求。其他州则允许各郡公共卫生委员会决定必须接种哪些疫苗。 详细了解 妙佑医疗国际疫苗指南 关闭 1998 年 到 1998-1999 年,除四个州外,美国其他所有州都对学前班至十二年级的学生设有疫苗接种要求(强制规定)。三十个州对首次入学的大学新生有疫苗接种要求。多个州允许因宗教或信仰原因而被列为疫苗接种要求的例外情况(豁免)。 关闭 2020 年 一项名为“2020 年健康人群”的美国全国倡议项目提出了疫苗接种和传染病控制的目标。之所以将疫苗接种纳入目标,是因为在每个出生于同一时期的人群(出生组群)中,常规疫苗接种可以挽救 33000 个生命,预防 1400 万例疾病,并能减少 99 亿美元的医疗费用。 详细了解 成人疫苗:您需要哪些疫苗? 关闭 2021 年 妙佑医疗国际的研究人员继续从多个方面对疫苗进行探索。研究领域包括:基因如何对疫苗做出反应;身体如何对疫苗做出反应;人们如何决定是否接种疫苗;在进一步了解基因免疫反应和免疫系统的基础上开发个体化疫苗;以及新疫苗的开发。妙佑医疗国际的研究人员参加了 HPV、天花和炭疽疫苗的研究和试验。妙佑医疗国际的研究人员还在继续研究麻疹、流感、寨卡病毒感染和 COVID-19 的疫苗。 详细了解 疫苗研究小组 Show references Plotkin SA, et al., eds. 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