您的总胆固醇水平会不会太低?
回答 Francisco Lopez-Jimenez 博士
高血胆固醇水平会增加患冠状动脉疾病的风险。通常来说,胆固醇低更好,但在极少数情况下,低密度脂蛋白(LDL,或“坏”)胆固醇水平很低或总胆固醇水平很低与一些健康问题有关。
医生们仍在努力探索关于低胆固醇与健康风险之间联系的更多信息。对于如何定义极低的 LDL 胆固醇仍没有达成共识,但如果 LDL 低于“每分升血液 40 毫克”,就视为极低。
虽然很少会导致风险,但极低的 LDL 胆固醇水平可能与以下风险的增加有关:
- 癌症
- 出血性脑卒中
- 抑郁
- 焦虑
- 如果妊娠期胆固醇低,可能导致早产儿和低出生体重儿。
LDL 胆固醇降低到极低水平的潜在风险尚未得到证实,其与某些健康风险的关系仍在争论中。
近期使用新型治疗方法降低胆固醇的试验达到了极低的胆固醇值,且重大副作用的风险没有增加,但随访时间相对较短。
某些情况下,人们无法得知是低胆固醇导致了健康问题,还是健康问题导致了低胆固醇。例如,抑郁症患者的胆固醇水平可能较低,但尚未证明用他汀类药物疗法降低胆固醇会导致抑郁症。
但是,降低总胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇的获益已得到广泛证明,特别是心脏病患者或者心脏病或卒中高危人群。
如果您担心自己的胆固醇水平,请咨询医生。如果您正在服用他汀类药物,则在咨询医生之前,切勿擅自停药。医生会确定最适合您的胆固醇范围。
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Francisco Lopez-Jimenez 博士
显示参考文献
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Nov. 17, 2022Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/expert-answers/cholesterol-level/faq-20057952