目前尚不清楚服用维生素是否能降低患心脏病或心脏病发作的风险。但是,众所周知,如果不控制不良饮食、抽烟、高胆固醇和糖尿病等其他风险因素,则任何维生素都无法预防心脏病。
一些研究表明,叶酸、维生素 C 和 E 等特定维生素可能有助于降低患心脏病的风险,但规模更大的临床试验并未显示出这些维生素的益处。美国心脏协会不建议通过服用这两种维生素来预防心脏病。
有一些证据表明,血液中维生素 D 水平低与心脏病之间存在关联。然而,大多数研究表明,服用含钙或不含钙的维生素 D 并不能降低患心脏病或其并发症的风险。如果您担心自身的维生素 D 水平,请咨询医疗护理专业人员。
大多数身体健康、饮食均衡的人无需每天服用维生素。如果您担心自身营养状况,请咨询医疗护理专业人员。询问您是否适合每天服用维生素。
最好的做法是在饮食中添加有助于保护心脏的健康食物。例如蔬菜、水果、坚果、健康油、全谷物以及每周至少两份鱼,以协助保护心脏。限制盐、添加糖、反式脂肪和饱和脂肪的摄入量。
显示参考文献
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Nov. 03, 2023Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/expert-answers/prevent-heart-attack/faq-20058253