通常情况下,皮肤上出现变色斑块无需担心。引起皮肤色素减退的原因有很多,包括:
- 特应性皮炎(湿疹)。有时,一小块皮肤会受到刺激,导致这一小块皮肤的色素比周围皮肤的色素浅(白色糠疹)。这在患有湿疹的儿童中很常见。您儿子的医生可能会建议在受累皮肤上使用润肤霜,避免使用会使皮肤干燥的肥皂,并做好皮肤防晒工作。医生可能还会开氢化可的松等较为温和的药膏。
- 浅表酵母菌感染。皮肤上出现变色斑块的另一个可能原因是浅表酵母菌感染(花斑癣),这意味着仅皮肤表层受到影响。这种病症会导致皮肤颜色看起来比平常更浅或更深。治疗可能包括使用抗真菌药膏或洗发水。
- 其他皮肤病,包括银屑病和白癜风,也可能导致皮肤出现变色斑块。大多数情况下,这些病症的其他典型病变会出现在身体多个部位。在棕色和黑色皮肤的患者中,银屑病愈合后会留下变色斑块(炎症后色素减退)。皮肤通常会在几个月内恢复正常颜色。治疗白癜风可能具有挑战性。获得正确诊断至关重要,这样才能考虑处方治疗。
如果您儿子手臂上的变色斑块继续扩大,或者其他地方出现更多斑块,请咨询皮肤科医生进行评估。
显示参考文献
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Oct. 03, 2023Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/dermatitis-eczema/expert-answers/white-patch-on-skin/faq-20058027