克罗恩病患者也可以锻炼身体,也能够享受体育锻炼的健康获益。
患有克罗恩病并不意味着您不能运动。适当的运动不会导致症状恶化。事实上,定期运动可能会:
- 减少疲劳(这通常伴随克罗恩病出现),并帮助提升精力。
- 帮助您应对情绪,这些情绪(如焦虑和抑郁)可能会对您的生活质量造成负面影响。
坚持运动对短期和长期健康都很重要。仅做一次能提高心率的运动,就可以在运动当天降低血压、改善睡眠并降低焦虑。定期运动可以增强整体力量,改善骨骼健康,增强免疫系统,并有助于最大限度地减少消化系统症状。
在开始一项身体活动前,请与医疗护理团队一起确定最适合您的运动。有些时候,需要限制运动量。如果您计划接受(或近期曾做过)内镜手术或克罗恩病手术,尤其如此。如果您的医疗护理团队表示这项运动对您很安全,您可以尝试:
- 阻力训练。阻力训练可以帮助增强您因患克罗恩病而弱化的肌肉和骨骼。使用弹力带或自由重量,重点锻炼腿部和躯干的主要肌肉群。请确保每组运动间的休息。
- 有氧运动。有氧运动包括散步、跑步、游泳和骑行。根据您的情况,某些活动可能过于剧烈,并可能引发克罗恩病症状。如果是这样,请改变或限制这些活动以满足您的需求。
研究表明中度至剧烈运动强度有助于增强免疫力,并减少慢性轻度的发炎。适度运动时,您会感到呼吸困难、可以进行对话,但无法唱歌。“剧烈”意味着您气喘吁吁,连几个词都说不出来。请记住,如果您已经在运动,就不应为提高免疫力而试图进行更多的运动。重复剧烈的身体活动可能抑制免疫功能。
您不需要承受痛苦就可以获得运动带来的益处。您可能会想了解瑜伽或太极。这两种都是旨在改善身心健康的低强度身心运动。
如果病情复发,请限制您的活动直到症状得到控制,并恢复体力和精力。与您的医护团队一起,调整您的活动,保证您以某种方式保持活跃。比如,如果症状使您很难外出活动,请尝试在家中做一些轻微的或其他的家务,以保持活跃。
当您患有克罗恩病时,请尤为关注排便频繁和可能导致脱水的药物。运动时适当补充水分或避免极端高温非常重要。
无论您选择什么运动,都应使您享受其中。对您的身体和心理健康均有益。
显示参考文献
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March 07, 2024Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/crohns-disease/in-depth/staying-active-with-crohns-disease/art-20548972