This content does not have an English version.
This content does not have an Arabic version.
Skip to content
Care at Mayo Clinic
Patient-Centered Care
About Mayo Clinic
Request Appointment
Find a Doctor
Locations
Clinical Trials
Connect to Support Groups
Patient & Visitor Guide
Billing & Insurance
Departments & Centers
International Services
Contact Us
Patient & Visitor
Guide
Health Library
Diseases & Conditions
Symptoms
Tests & Procedures
Drugs & Supplements
Healthy Lifestyle
Mayo Clinic Health Letter & Books
Mayo Clinic Health Letter &
Books
For Medical Professionals
Medical Professional Resources
Refer a Patient
Continuing Medical Education
AskMayoExpert
Mayo Clinic Laboratories
Video Center
Journals & Publications
Mayo Clinic Alumni Association
Continuing Medical
Education
Research & Education at Mayo Clinic
Research
Research at Mayo Clinic
Research Faculty
Laboratories
Core Facilities
Centers & Programs
Departments & Divisions
Clinical Trials
Institutional Review Board
Postdoctoral Fellowships
Training Grant Programs
Education
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science
Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine
Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education
Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences
Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and
Science
Giving to Mayo Clinic
Give Now
Giving to Mayo Clinic
Frequently Asked Questions
Contact Us to Give
Make a
Donation
Request appointment
Log in
Search
Menu
Request appointment
Donate
Diseases & conditions
Find a doctor
Care at Mayo Clinic
Patient-Centered Care
About Mayo Clinic
Request Appointment
Find a Doctor
Locations
Clinical Trials
Connect to Support Groups
Patient & Visitor Guide
Billing & Insurance
Departments & Centers
International Services
Contact Us
Patient & Visitor
Guide
Health Library
Diseases & Conditions
Symptoms
Tests & Procedures
Drugs & Supplements
Healthy Lifestyle
Mayo Clinic Health Letter & Books
Mayo Clinic Health Letter &
Books
For Medical Professionals
Medical Professional Resources
Refer a Patient
Continuing Medical Education
AskMayoExpert
Mayo Clinic Laboratories
Video Center
Journals & Publications
Mayo Clinic Alumni Association
Continuing Medical
Education
Research & Education at Mayo Clinic
Research
Research at Mayo Clinic
Research Faculty
Laboratories
Core Facilities
Centers & Programs
Departments & Divisions
Clinical Trials
Institutional Review Board
Postdoctoral Fellowships
Training Grant Programs
Education
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science
Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine
Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education
Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences
Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and
Science
Giving to Mayo Clinic
Give Now
Giving to Mayo Clinic
Frequently Asked Questions
Contact Us to Give
Make a
Donation
Faculty
Edythe Strand, Ph.D.
Publications
Duffy JR, Martin PR, Clark HM, Utianski RL,
Strand EA
, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. The Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale: Reliability, Validity, and Utility. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2023 Mar 9; 32 (2):469-491 Epub 2023 Jan 11
View PubMed
Rex S, Sand A,
Strand E
, Hansson K, McAllister A. A preliminary validation of a dynamic speech motor assessment for Swedish-speaking children with childhood apraxia of speech. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2022 Dec; 47 (4):230-238 Epub 2021 July 06
View PubMed
Sintini I, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Utianski RL, Botha H, Machulda MM, Senjem ML,
Strand EA
, Schwarz CG, Lowe VJ, Jack CR, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Functional connectivity to the premotor cortex maps onto longitudinal brain neurodegeneration in progressive apraxia of speech. Neurobiol Aging. 2022 Dec; 120:105-116 Epub 2022 Sept 02
View PubMed
Clark HM, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Hanley H, Solomon NP. Orofacial Muscle Strength across the Dysarthrias. Brain Sci. 2022 Mar 10; 12(3).
View PubMed
Valls Carbo A, Reid RI, Tosakulwong N, Weigand SD, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Utianski RL, Botha H, Machulda MM,
Strand EA
, Schwarz CG, Jack CR, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Tractography of supplementary motor area projections in progressive speech apraxia and aphasia. Neuroimage Clin. 2022; 34:102999 Epub 2022 Mar 30
View PubMed
Hokelekli FO, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Utianski RL, Botha H, Stierwalt JA,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Assessment of Behavior in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Agrammatic Aphasia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2022; 51 (2):193-202 Epub 2022 May 06
View PubMed
Scheffel L, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Word Fluency Test Performance in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2021 Nov 4; 30 (6):2635-2642 Epub 2021 Oct 21
View PubMed
Rex S, Hansson K,
Strand E
, McAllister A. Performance of Swedish children on a dynamic motor speech assessment. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2021 Oct; 23 (5):453-464 Epub 2021 Mar 12
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Utianski RL,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Botha H, Martin PR, Pham NTT, Stierwalt J, Ali F, Buciuc M, Baker M, Fernandez De Castro CH, Spychalla AJ, Schwarz CG, Reid RI, Senjem ML, Jack CR Jr, Lowe VJ, Bigio EH, Reichard RR, Polley EJ, Ertekin-Taner N, Rademakers R, DeTure MA, Ross OA, Dickson DW, Whitwell JL. A molecular pathology, neurobiology, biochemical, genetic and neuroimaging study of progressive apraxia of speech. Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 8; 12 (1):3452 Epub 2021 June 08
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Martin P, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Utianski RL, Botha H, Machulda MM,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Survival Analysis in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Agrammatic Aphasia. Neurol Clin Pract. 2021 Jun; 11 (3):249-255
View PubMed
Buciuc M, Whitwell JL, Kasanuki K, Graff-Radford J, Machulda MM, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Lowe VJ, Graff-Radford NR, Rush BK, Franczak MB, Flanagan ME, Baker MC, Rademakers R, Ross OA, Ghetti BF, Parisi JE, Raghunathan A, Reichard RR, Bigio EH, Dickson DW, Josephs KA. Lewy Body Disease is a Contributor to Logopenic Progressive Aphasia Phenotype. Ann Neurol. 2021 Mar; 89 (3):520-533 Epub 2020 Dec 17
View PubMed
Tetzloff KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Jack CR, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Phonological Errors in Posterior Cortical Atrophy. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2021; 50 (2):195-203 Epub 2021 July 16
View PubMed
Seckin ZI, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Clark HM, Utianski RL, Machulda MM, Botha H, Ali F, Thu Pham NT, Lowe VJ, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. The evolution of parkinsonism in primary progressive apraxia of speech: A 6-year longitudinal study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2020 Dec; 81:34-40. Epub 2020 Oct 07.
View PubMed
Utianski RL, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Botha H, Schwarz CG, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Spychalla AJ, Jack CR Jr, Petersen RC, Lowe VJ, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Corrigendum to "Prosodic and phonetic subtypes of primary progressive apraxia of speech" [Brain Lang. 184 (2018) 54-65]. Brain Lang. 2020 Jun; 205:104792 Epub 2020 Apr 02
View PubMed
Petroi D, Duffy JR, Borgert A,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Neuroanatomical correlates of phonologic errors in logopenic progressive aphasia. Brain Lang. 2020 May; 204:104773 Epub 2020 Feb 27
View PubMed
Clark HM, Utianski RL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Botha H, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Western Aphasia Battery-Revised Profiles in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2020 Feb 21; 29 (1S):498-510 Epub 2019 Oct 22
View PubMed
Strand EA
. Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing: A Treatment Strategy for Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2020 Feb 7; 29 (1):30-48 Epub 2019 Dec 17
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Tosakulwong N, Weigand SD, Graff-Radford J, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Machulda MM, Botha H, Utianski RL, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML,
Strand EA
, Ertekin-Taner N, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Josephs KA. Longitudinal Amyloid-beta PET in Atypical Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020; 74 (1):377-389
View PubMed
Tetzloff KA, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Utianski RL,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Botha H, Martin PR, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Reid RI, Gunter JL, Spychalla AJ, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Progressive agrammatic aphasia without apraxia of speech as a distinct syndrome. Brain. 2019 Aug 01; 142(8):2466-2482.
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Stevens CA, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Machulda MM,
Strand EA
, Martin PR, Utianski RL, Botha H, Spychalla AJ, Senjem ML, Schwarz CG, Jack CR Jr, Ali F, Hassan A, Josephs KA. An Evaluation of the Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Speech/Language Variant. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2019 Jul; 6 (6):452-461 Epub 2019 May 29
View PubMed
Eising E, Carrion-Castillo A, Vino A,
Strand EA
, Jakielski KJ, Scerri TS, Hildebrand MS, Webster R, Ma A, Mazoyer B, Francks C, Bahlo M, Scheffer IE, Morgan AT, Shriberg LD, Fisher SE. A set of regulatory genes co-expressed in embryonic human brain is implicated in disrupted speech development. Mol Psychiatry. 2019 Jul; 24 (7):1065-1078 Epub 2018 Feb 20
View PubMed
Snijders Blok L, Rousseau J, Twist J, Ehresmann S, Takaku M, Venselaar H, Rodan LH, Nowak CB, Douglas J, Swoboda KJ, Steeves MA, Sahai I, Stumpel CTRM, Stegmann APA, Wheeler P, Willing M, Fiala E, Kochhar A, Gibson WT, Cohen ASA, Agbahovbe R, Innes AM, Au PYB, Rankin J, Anderson IJ, Skinner SA, Louie RJ, Warren HE, Afenjar A, Keren B, Nava C, Buratti J, Isapof A, Rodriguez D, Lewandowski R, Propst J, van Essen T, Choi M, Lee S, Chae JH, Price S, Schnur RE, Douglas G, Wentzensen IM, Zweier C, Reis A, Bialer MG, Moore C, Koopmans M, Brilstra EH, Monroe GR, van Gassen KLI, van Binsbergen E, Newbury-Ecob R, Bownass L, Bader I, Mayr JA, Wortmann SB, Jakielski KJ,
Strand EA
, Kloth K, Bierhals T, Roberts JD, Petrovich RM, Machida S, Kurumizaka H, Lelieveld S, Pfundt R, Jansen S, Deriziotis P, Faivre L, Thevenon J, Assoum M, Shriberg L, Kleefstra T, Brunner HG, Wade PA, Fisher SE, Campeau PM, DDD study. Author Correction: CHD3 helicase domain mutations cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome with macrocephaly and impaired speech and language. Nat Commun. 2019 May 2; 10 (1):2079 Epub 2019 May 02
View PubMed
Blok LS, Rousseau J, Twist J, Ehresmann S, Takaku M, Venselaar H, Rodan LH, Nowak CB, Douglas J, Swoboda KJ, Steeves MA, Sahai I, Stumpel CTRM, Stegmann APA, Wheeler P, Willing M, Fiala E, Kochhar A, Gibson WT, Cohen ASA, Agbahovbe R, Innes AM, Au PYB, Rankin J, Anderson IJ, Skinner SA, Louie RJ, Warren HE, Afenjar A, Keren B, Nava C, Buratti J, Isapof A, Rodriguez D, Lewandowski R, Propst J, van Essen T, Choi M, Lee S, Chae JH, Price S, Schnur RE, Douglas G, Wentzensen IM, Zweier C, Reis A, Bialer MG, Moore C, Koopmans M, Brilstra EH, Monroe GR, van Gassen KLI, van Binsbergen E, Newbury-Ecob R, Bownass L, Bader I, Mayr JA, Wortmann SB, Jakielski KJ,
Strand EA
, Kloth K, Bierhals T, Roberts JD, Petrovich RM, Machida S, Kurumizaka H, Lelieveld S, Pfundt R, Jansen S, Deriziotis P, Faivre L, Thevenon J, Assoum M, Shriberg L, Kleefstra T, Brunner HG, Wade PA, Fisher SE, Campeau PM, DDD study. Author Correction: CHD3 helicase domain mutations cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome with macrocephaly and impaired speech and language. Nat Commun. 2019 Feb 15; 10 (1):883
View PubMed
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Jakielski KJ, Mabie HL. Estimates of the prevalence of speech and motor speech disorders in persons with complex neurodevelopmental disorders. Clin Linguist Phon. 2019; 33 (8):707-736
View PubMed
Utianski RL, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Boland SM, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Clinical Progression in Four Cases of Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2018 Nov 21; 27 (4):1303-1318
View PubMed
Snijders Blok L, Rousseau J, Twist J, Ehresmann S, Takaku M, Venselaar H, Rodan LH, Nowak CB, Douglas J, Swoboda KJ, Steeves MA, Sahai I, Stumpel CTRM, Stegmann APA, Wheeler P, Willing M, Fiala E, Kochhar A, Gibson WT, Cohen ASA, Agbahovbe R, Innes AM, Au PYB, Rankin J, Anderson IJ, Skinner SA, Louie RJ, Warren HE, Afenjar A, Keren B, Nava C, Buratti J, Isapof A, Rodriguez D, Lewandowski R, Propst J, van Essen T, Choi M, Lee S, Chae JH, Price S, Schnur RE, Douglas G, Wentzensen IM, Zweier C, Reis A, Bialer MG, Moore C, Koopmans M, Brilstra EH, Monroe GR, van Gassen KLI, van Binsbergen E, Newbury-Ecob R, Bownass L, Bader I, Mayr JA, Wortmann SB, Jakielski KJ,
Strand EA
, Kloth K, Bierhals T, Roberts JD, Petrovich RM, Machida S, Kurumizaka H, Lelieveld S, Pfundt R, Jansen S, Deriziotis P, Faivre L, Thevenon J, Assoum M, Shriberg L, Kleefstra T, Brunner HG, Wade PA, Fisher SE, Campeau PM, DDD study. CHD3 helicase domain mutations cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome with macrocephaly and impaired speech and language. Nat Commun. 2018 Nov 5; 9 (1):4619 Epub 2018 Nov 05
View PubMed
Tetzloff KA, Whitwell JL, Utianski RL, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Machulda MM,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Quantitative assessment of grammar in amyloid-negative logopenic aphasia. Brain Lang. 2018 Nov; 186:26-31. Epub 2018 Sep 08.
View PubMed
Tetzloff KA, Utianski RL, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Quantitative Analysis of Agrammatism in Agrammatic Primary Progressive Aphasia and Dominant Apraxia of Speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2018 Sep 19; 61(9):2337-2346.
View PubMed
Utianski RL, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Botha H, Schwarz CG, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Spychalla AJ, Jack CR Jr, Petersen RC, Lowe VJ, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Prosodic and phonetic subtypes of primary progressive apraxia of speech. Brain Lang. 2018 Sep; 184:54-65 Epub 2018 July 04
View PubMed
Botha H, Duffy JR, Whitwell JL,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Spychalla AJ, Tosakulwong N, Senjem ML, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr, Lowe VJ, Josephs KA. Non-right handed primary progressive apraxia of speech. J Neurol Sci. 2018 Jul 15; 390:246-254 Epub 2018 May 07
View PubMed
Tetzloff KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Boland SM, Utianski RL, Botha H, Senjem ML, Schwarz CG, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Clinical and imaging progression over 10 years in a patient with primary progressive apraxia of speech and autopsy-confirmed corticobasal degeneration. Neurocase. 2018 Apr; 24(2):111-120. Epub 2018 May 25.
View PubMed
Owens TE, Machulda MM, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Clark HM, Boland S, Martin PR, Lowe VJ, Jack CR, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Patterns of neuropsychological dysfunction and cortical volume changes in logopenic aphasia Journal Of Alzheimers Disease. 2018; 66 (3):1015-25
Botha H, Utianski RL, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Tosakulwong N, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA, Jones DT. Disrupted functional connectivity in primary progressive apraxia of speech. Neuroimage Clin. 2018; 18:617-629 Epub 2018 Mar 03
View PubMed
Tetzloff KA, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Reid RI, Spychalla AJ, Tosakulwong N, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Longitudinal structural and molecular neuroimaging in agrammatic primary progressive aphasia. Brain. 2018 Jan 1; 141 (1):302-317
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Weigand SD, Duffy JR, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Spychalla AJ, Senjem ML, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Predicting clinical decline in progressive agrammatic aphasia and apraxia of speech. Neurology. 2017 Nov 28; 89 (22):2271-2279 Epub 2017 Nov 01
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Duffy JR, Machulda MM, Clark HM,
Strand EA
, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Spychalla AJ, Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Tracking the development of agrammatic aphasia: A tensor-based morphometry study. Cortex. 2017 May; 90:138-148 Epub 2016 Sept 30
View PubMed
Duffy JR, Hanley H, Utianski R, Clark H,
Strand E
, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Temporal acoustic measures distinguish primary progressive apraxia of speech from primary progressive aphasia. Brain Lang. 2017 May; 168:84-94 Epub 2017 Feb 07
View PubMed
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Fourakis M, Jakielski KJ, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Mabie HL, McSweeny JL, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: IV. The Pause Marker Index. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Apr 14; 60 (4):S1153-S1169
View PubMed
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Fourakis M, Jakielski KJ, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Mabie HL, McSweeny JL, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: Introduction. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2017 Apr 14; 60 (4):S1094-S1095
View PubMed
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Fourakis M, Jakielski KJ, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Mabie HL, McSweeny JL, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: III. Theoretical Coherence of the Pause Marker with Speech Processing Deficits in Childhood Apraxia of Speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Apr 14; 60 (4):S1135-S1152
View PubMed
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Fourakis M, Jakielski KJ, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Mabie HL, McSweeny JL, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: I. Development and Description of the Pause Marker. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Apr 14; 60 (4):S1096-S1117
View PubMed
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Fourakis M, Jakielski KJ, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Mabie HL, McSweeny JL, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: II. Validity Studies of the Pause Marker. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Apr 14; 60 (4):S1118-S1134
View PubMed
Krishnan K, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Butts AM, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Senjem ML, Spychalla AJ, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Josephs KA. Varying Degrees of Temporoparietal Hypometabolism on FDG-PET Reveal Amyloid-Positive Logopenic Primary Progressive Aphasia is not a Homogeneous Clinical Entity. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017; 55 (3):1019-1029
View PubMed
Strand E
. Appraising Apraxia: when a speech-sound disorder is severe, how do you know if it's childhood apraxia of speech? ASHA Leader. 2017; 22: (3)50-8.
Shriberg LD,
Strand EA
, Fourakis M, Jakielski KJ, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Mabie HL, McSweeny JL, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. A diagnostic marker to discriminate childhood apraxia of speech from speech delay: III. Theoretical coherence of the pause marker with speech processing deficits in childhood apraxia of speech Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. 2017; 60: (4)S1135-52.
Matsumoto JY, Fossett T, Kim M, Duffy JR,
Strand E
, McKeon A, Lee KH, Stead M, Burnett M, Adams AC, Klassen BT. Precise stimulation location optimizes speech outcomes in essential tremor. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016 Nov; 32:60-65 Epub 2016 Aug 25
View PubMed
Cofer SA, Baas B,
Strand E
, Cockerill CC. Augmentation pharyngoplasty for treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency in children: Results with injectable dextranomer and hyaluronic acid copolymer. Laryngoscope. 2016 Oct; 126 Suppl 8:S5-S13 Epub 2016 Sept 01
View PubMed
Jung Y, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Josephs KA. Regional beta-amyloid burden does not correlate with cognitive or language deficits in Alzheimer's disease presenting as aphasia. Eur J Neurol. 2016 Feb; 23 (2):313-9 Epub 2015 June 23
View PubMed
Madhavan A, Schwarz CG, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Drubach DA, Kantarci K, Przybelski SA, Reid RI, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Apostolova LG, Lowe VJ, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Characterizing White Matter Tract Degeneration in Syndromic Variants of Alzheimer's Disease: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016; 49 (3):633-43
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Weigand SD, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Clinical and MRI models predicting amyloid deposition in progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech. Neuroimage Clin. 2016; 11:90-98 Epub 2016 Jan 20
View PubMed
Norby E, Orbelo D,
Strand E
, Duffy JR, Duffy J, Ekbom D, Bower J, Matsumoto JY, Norby EE. Hyoid muscle dystonia: A distinct focal dystonia syndrome. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2015 Oct; 21: (10)1210-3.
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Tosakulwong N, Weigand SD, Senjem ML, Spychalla AJ, Gunter JL, Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Sample size calculations for clinical trials targeting tauopathies: a new potential disease target. J Neurol. 2015 Sep; 262 (9):2064-72 Epub 2015 June 17
View PubMed
Botha H, Duffy JR, Whitwell JL,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Schwarz CG, Reid RI, Spychalla AJ, Senjem ML, Jones DT, Lowe V, Jack CR, Josephs KA. Classification and clinicoradiologic features of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and apraxia of speech. Cortex. 2015 Aug; 69:220-36 Epub 2015 May 27
View PubMed
Butts AM, Machulda MM, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Neuropsychological Profiles Differ among the Three Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2015 Jul; 21 (6):429-35 Epub 2015 June 11
View PubMed
Kruse JL, Lapid MI, Lennon VA, Klein CJ, Toole OO, Pittock SJ,
Strand EA
, Frye MA, McKeon A. Psychiatric Autoimmunity: N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor IgG and Beyond. Psychosomatics. 2015 May-Jun; 56 (3):227-41 Epub 2015 Feb 04
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Jones DT, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Przybelski SA, Vemuri P, Gregg BE, Gunter JL, Senjem ML, Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Working memory and language network dysfunctions in logopenic aphasia: a task-free fMRI comparison with Alzheimer's dementia. Neurobiol Aging. 2015 Mar; 36 (3):1245-52 Epub 2014 Dec 16
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Schwarz CG, Reid R, Baker MC, Perkerson RB, Lowe VJ, Rademakers R, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Clinical and neuroimaging biomarkers of amyloid-negative logopenic primary progressive aphasia. Brain Lang. 2015 Mar; 142:45-53 Epub 2015 Feb 03
View PubMed
Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Clark H, Machulda M, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Primary progressive apraxia of speech: Clinical features and acoustic and neurologic correlates. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2015; 24(2):88-100.
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Kantarci K, Weigand SD, Lundt ES, Gunter JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Spychalla AJ, Drubach DA, Petersen RC, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Microbleeds in atypical presentations of Alzheimer's disease: a comparison to dementia of the Alzheimer's type. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015; 45(4):1109-17.
View PubMed
Singh TD, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in primary progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015; 39 (3-4):228-38 Epub 2015 Jan 21
View PubMed
Flanagan EP, Baker MC, Perkerson RB, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Whitwell JL, Machulda MM, Rademakers R, Josephs KA. Dominant frontotemporal dementia mutations in 140 cases of primary progressive aphasia and speech apraxia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015; 39 (5-6):281-6 Epub 2015 Feb 28
View PubMed
Tobin WO,
Strand EA
, Clark HM, Lowe VJ, Robertson CE, Pittock SJ. NMDA receptor encephalitis causing reversible caudate changes on MRI and PET imaging. Neurol Clin Pract. 2014 Dec; 4 (6):470-473
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Whitwell JL. APOE epsilon4 influences beta-amyloid deposition in primary progressive aphasia and speech apraxia. Alzheimers Dement. 2014 Nov; 10 (6):630-6 Epub 2014 June 28
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Schwarz CG, Reid RI, Spychalla AJ, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Whitwell JL. The evolution of primary progressive apraxia of speech. Brain. 2014 Oct; 137 (Pt 10):2783-95 Epub 2014 Aug 11
View PubMed
Strand EA
, Duffy JR, Clark HM, Josephs K. The Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale: a tool for diagnosis and description of apraxia of speech. J Commun Disord. 2014 Sep-Oct; 51:43-50 Epub 2014 July 14
View PubMed
Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Motor Speech Disorders Associated with Primary Progressive Aphasia. Aphasiology. 2014 Aug; 28 (8-9):1004-1017
View PubMed
Jung Y, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Lowe V, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Amyloid burden correlates with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease presenting with aphasia. Eur J Neurol. 2014 Jul; 21 (7):1040-3 Epub 2013 Dec 16
View PubMed
Botha H, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Nonverbal oral apraxia in primary progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech. Neurology. 2014 May 13; 82 (19):1729-35 Epub 2014 Apr 11
View PubMed
Wicklund MR, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Josephs KA. Quantitative application of the primary progressive aphasia consensus criteria. Neurology. 2014 Apr 1; 82 (13):1119-26 Epub 2014 Mar 05
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Vemuri P, Senjem ML, Perkerson RB, Baker MC, Lowe V, Jack CR Jr, Rademakers R, Whitwell JL. Progranulin-associated PiB-negative logopenic primary progressive aphasia. J Neurol. 2014 Mar; 261 (3):604-14 Epub 2014 Jan 22
View PubMed
Graff-Radford J, Jones DT,
Strand EA
, Rabinstein AA, Duffy JR, Josephs KA. The neuroanatomy of pure apraxia of speech in stroke. Brain Lang. 2014 Feb; 129:43-6 Epub 2014 Feb 18
View PubMed
Petroi D, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Phonologic errors in the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Aphasiology. 2014; 28(10):1223-43.
Dietsch AM, Solomon NP, Sharkey LA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Clark HM. Perceptual and instrumental assessments of orofacial muscle tone in dysarthric and normal speakers. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014; 51(7):1127-42.
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Jack CR Jr, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Gunter JL, Senjem ML, Murphy MC, Kantarci K, Machulda MM, Lowe VJ, Josephs KA. Microbleeds in the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Alzheimers Dement. 2014 Jan; 10 (1):62-6 Epub 2013 Apr 03
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Lowe VJ, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Kantarci K, Wille SM, Senjem ML, Murphy MC, Gunter JL, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Elevated occipital beta-amyloid deposition is associated with widespread cognitive impairment in logopenic progressive aphasia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013 Dec; 84 (12):1357-64 Epub 2013 Aug 14
View PubMed
Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Dean PM, Senjem ML, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Identification of an atypical variant of logopenic progressive aphasia. Brain Lang. 2013 Nov; 127 (2):139-44 Epub 2013 Apr 06
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Papenfuss SM, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Whitwell JL, Petersen RC. Occupational differences between Alzheimer's and aphasic dementias: implication for teachers. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2013 Sep; 28 (6):612-6 Epub 2013 July 09
View PubMed
Wicklund MR, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Whitwell JL, Machulda MM, Josephs KA. Aphasia with left occipitotemporal hypometabolism: a novel presentation of posterior cortical atrophy? J Clin Neurosci. 2013 Sep; 20 (9):1237-40 Epub 2013 July 11
View PubMed
Smith JH, Bottemiller KL, Flemming KD, Michael Cutrer F,
Strand EA
. Inability to self-report pain after a stroke: a population-based study. Pain. 2013 Aug; 154 (8):1281-6 Epub 2013 Apr 06
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Whitwell JL. Syndromes dominated by apraxia of speech show distinct characteristics from agrammatic PPA. Neurology. 2013 Jul 23; 81 (4):337-45 Epub 2013 June 26
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Xia R, Mandrekar J, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Distinct regional anatomic and functional correlates of neurodegenerative apraxia of speech and aphasia: an MRI and FDG-PET study. Brain Lang. 2013 Jun; 125 (3):245-52 Epub 2013 Mar 28
View PubMed
Adeli A, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Ideomotor apraxia in agrammatic and logopenic variants of primary progressive aphasia. J Neurol. 2013 Jun; 260 (6):1594-600 Epub 2013 Jan 29
View PubMed
Strand EA
, McCauley RJ, Weigand SD, Stoeckel RE, Baas BS. A motor speech assessment for children with severe speech disorders: reliability and validity evidence. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2013 Apr; 56 (2):505-20 Epub 2012 Dec 28
View PubMed
Raca G, Baas BS, Kirmani S, Laffin JJ, Jackson CA,
Strand EA
, Jakielski KJ, Shriberg LD. Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) in two patients with 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet. 2013 Apr; 21(4):455-9. Epub 2012 Aug 22
View PubMed
Whitwell JL, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Kantarci K, Eggers SD, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. Neuroimaging comparison of primary progressive apraxia of speech and progressive supranuclear palsy. Eur J Neurol. 2013 Apr; 20 (4):629-37 Epub 2012 Oct 18
View PubMed
Worthey EA, Raca G, Laffin JJ, Wilk BM, Harris JM, Jakielski KJ, Dimmock DP,
Strand EA
, Shriberg LD. Whole-exome sequencing supports genetic heterogeneity in childhood apraxia of speech. J Neurodev Disord. 2013; 5(1):29. Epub 2013 Oct 02.
View PubMed
Madhavan A, Whitwell JL, Weigand SD, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Tosakulwong N, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Lowe VJ, Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr, Josephs KA. FDG PET and MRI in logopenic primary progressive aphasia versus dementia of the Alzheimer's type. PLoS One. 2013; 8 (4):e62471 Epub 2013 Apr 23
View PubMed
Graff-Radford J, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Parkinsonian motor features distinguish the agrammatic from logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012 Aug; 18 (7):890-2 Epub 2012 May 08
View PubMed
Graff-Radford J, Drubach DA,
Strand EA
, Josephs KA. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 PET in progressive emotional dysprosody. Neurology. 2012 Jul 31; 79 (5):480-1 Epub 2012 July 18
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Machulda MM, Senjem ML, Master AV, Lowe VJ, Jack CR Jr, Whitwell JL. Characterizing a neurodegenerative syndrome: primary progressive apraxia of speech. Brain. 2012 May; 135 (Pt 5):1522-36 Epub 2012 Mar 01
View PubMed
Shriberg LD, Lohmeier HL,
Strand EA
, Jakielski KJ. Encoding, memory, and transcoding deficits in Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Clin Linguist Phon. 2012 May; 26(5):445-82.
View PubMed
Laffin JJS, Raca G, Jackson CA,
Strand EA
, Jakielski KJ, Shriberg LD. Novel candidate genes and regions for childhood apraxia of speech identified by array comparative genomic hybridization. Genet Med. 2012; 14(11):928-36.
View PubMed
Shriberg LD, Potter NL,
Strand EA
. Prevalence and phenotype of childhood apraxia of speech in youth with galactosemia. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2011 Apr; 54(2):487-519. Epub 2010 Oct 21.
View PubMed
Passov V, Gavrilova RH,
Strand E
, Cerhan JH, Josephs KA. Sporadic corticobasal syndrome with progranulin mutation presenting as progressive apraxic agraphia. Arch Neurol. 2011 Mar; 68 (3):376-80
View PubMed
Shriberg LD, Fourakis M, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Lohmeier HL, McSweeny JL, Potter NL, Scheer-Cohen AR,
Strand EA
, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. Extensions to the Speech Disorders Classification System (SDCS). Clin Linguist Phon. 2010 Oct; 24(10):795-824.
View PubMed
Shriberg LD, Fourakis M, Hall SD, Karlsson HB, Lohmeier HL, McSweeny JL, Potter NL, Scheer-Cohen AR,
Strand EA
, Tilkens CM, Wilson DL. Perceptual and acoustic reliability estimates for the Speech Disorders Classification System (SDCS). Clin Linguist Phon. 2010 Oct; 24(10):825-46.
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Duffy JR, Fossett TR,
Strand EA
, Claassen DO, Whitwell JL, Peller PJ. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 positron emission tomography in progressive apraxia of speech and primary progressive aphasia variants. Arch Neurol. 2010 May; 67: (5)596-605.
View PubMed
Gavrilova R, Passov V,
Strand E
, Cerhan J, Josephs K. Sporadic Corticobasal Syndrome with Progranulin Mutation Presenting as Progressive Apraxic Agraphia. Archives of Neurology. 2010.
McCauley RJ,
Strand E
, Lof GL, Schooling T, Frymark T. Evidence-based systematic review: effects of nonspeech oral motor exercises on speech. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2009 Nov; 18(4):343-60. Epub 2009 Jul 28.
View PubMed
Baas BS,
Strand EA
, Elmer LM, Barbaresi WJ. Treatment of severe childhood apraxia of speech in a 12-year-old male with CHARGE association. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 2008 Dec; 16(4):181-90.
McCauley RJ,
Strand EA
. Treatment of childhood apraxia of speech: clinical decision making in the use of nonspeech oral motor exercises. Semin Speech Lang. 2008 Nov; 29(4):284-93. Epub 2008 Dec 04.
View PubMed
Strand EA
, McCauley RJ. Differential diagnosis of severe speech impairment in young children. ASHA Leader. 2008 Aug 12; 13(10):10-3.
Caspari SS,
Strand EA
, Kotagal S, Bergqvist C. Obstructive sleep apnea, seizures, and childhood apraxia of speech. Pediatr Neurol. 2008 Jun; 38(6):422-5.
View PubMed
Ludlow CL, Hoit J, Kent R, Ramig LO, Shrivastav R,
Strand E
, Yorkston K, Sapienza CM. Translating principles of neural plasticity into research on speech motor control recovery and rehabilitation. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008 Feb; 51(1):S240-58.
View PubMed
McCauley RJ,
Strand EA
. A review of standardized tests of nonverbal oral and speech motor performance in children. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2008 Feb; 17(1):81-91.
View PubMed
Josephs KA, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR, Vanvoorst WA,
Strand EA
, Hu WT, Boeve BF, Graff-Radford NR, Parisi JE, Knopman DS, Dickson DW, Jack CR Jr, Petersen RC. Progressive aphasia secondary to Alzheimer disease vs FTLD pathology. Neurology. 2008 Jan 1; 70 (1):25-34
View PubMed
*Villanueva-Reyes A,
Strand EA
, Nazario CM, Irizarry-Ramírez M. Laryngeal cancer in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal. 2008; 27(3):1-8.
Duffy JR, Peach RK,
Strand EA
. Progressive apraxia of speech as a sign of motor neuron disease. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2007 Aug; 16: (3)198-208.
View PubMed
Strand EA
, Stoeckel R, Baas B. Treatment of severe childhood apraxia of speech: a treatment efficacy study. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 2006 Dec; 14(4):297-307.
Josephs KA, Duffy JR,
Strand EA
, Whitwell JL, Layton KF, Parisi JE, Hauser MF, Witte RJ, Boeve BF, Knopman DS, Dickson DW, Jack CR Jr, Petersen RC. Clinicopathological and imaging correlates of progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech. Brain. 2006 Jun; 129 (Pt 6):1385-98 Epub 2006 Apr 13
View PubMed
Baylor CR, Yorkston KM, Eadie TL,
Strand EA
, Duffy J. A systematic review of outcome measurement in unilateral vocal fold paralysis. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 2006; 14(1):xxvii-lvii.
Strand EA
. Clinical and professional ethics in the management of motor speech disorders. Semin Speech Lang. 2003 Nov; 24 (4):301-11
View PubMed
Buder E,
Strand EA
. Quantitative and graphic acoustic analysis of phonatory modulations: the modulogram. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research. 2003.
Strand EA
. Darley's contributions to the understanding and diagnosis of developmental apraxia of speech. Aphasiology. 2001 Mar; 15(3):291-303.
Yorkston KM, Spencer KA, Duffy JR, Beukelman DR, Golper LA, Miller RM,
Strand EA
, Sullivan M. Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines for Dysarthria: Management of Velopharyngeal Function. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology. 2001; 9(4):257-73.
Yorkston KM, Spencer KA, Duffy JR, Beukelman DR, Golper LA, Miller RM,
Strand EA
, Sullivan M. Evidence-based medicine and practice guidelines: application to the field of speech-language pathology. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology. 2001; 9(4):243-56.
Strand EA
, Debertine P. The efficacy of integral stimulation intervention with developmental apraxia of speech. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 2000; 8(4):295-300.
Skinder A, Connahan K,
Strand E
, Betz S. Acoustic correlates of perceived lexical stress errors in children with developmental apraxia of speech. Journal of Medical Speech Pathology. 2000; 8(4):279-84.
Klasner ER, Yorkston KM,
Strand EA
. Patterns of perceptual features in speakers with ALS: A Preliminary study of prominence and intelligibility considerations Journal of Medical Speech Language Pathology. 1999; 7(2):117-125.
Skinder A,
Strand EA
, Mignerey M. Perceptual and acoustic analysis of the lexical and sentential stress in children with developmental apraxia of speech. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology. 1999; 7(2):133-44.
Hillel A, Dray T, Miller R, Yorkston K, Konikow N,
Strand E
, Brown J. Presentation of ALS to the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon: getting to the neurologist. Neurology. 1999; 53(8 Suppl 5).
View PubMed
Hartelius L, Buder EH,
Strand EA
. Long-term phonatory instability in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Speech, Language, & Hearing Research. 1997 Oct; 40(5):1056-72.
View PubMed
Strand EA
, McNeil MR. Effects of length and linguistic complexity on temporal acoustic measures in apraxia of speech. Journal of Speech & Hearing Research. 1996 Oct; 39(5):1018-33.
View PubMed
Strand EA
, Miller RM, Yorkston KM, Hillel AD. Management of oral-pharyngeal dysphagia symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Dysphagia. 1996 Spring; 11(2):129-39.
View PubMed
Yorkston KM,
Strand EA
, Kennedy M. Comprehensibility of dysarthric speech: implications for assessment and treatment planning. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 1996; 5(No. 1):55-6.
Rogers M, Eyraud R,
Strand EA
, Storkel H. The effects of noise masking on vowel duration in apraxia of speech. Clinical Aphasiology. 1996.
Strand E
. Treatment of motor speech disorders in children. Seminars in Speech & Language. 1995 May; 16(2):126-39.
View PubMed
Yorkston KM,
Strand EA
. Manifestation and Diagnosis of CNS dysfunction in speech: motor speech disorders. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995; 3(3):188-94.
Wilkinson C, Yorkston KM,
Strand EA
, Rogers M. Features of spontaneous language in speakers with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dysarthria. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 1995; 4(4):137-40.
Strand EA
, Buder EH, Yorkston KM, Ramig LO. Differential phonatory characteristics of four women with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Voice. 1994 Dec; 8(4):327-39.
View PubMed
Kennedy MRT,
Strand EA
, Yorkston K. Selected acoustic changes in the verbal repairs of dysarthric speakers. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 1994; 2(4):263-80.
Kennedy MR,
Strand EA
, Burton W, Peterson C. Analysis of first encounter conversations of right hemisphere damaged adults. Clinical Aphasiology. 1994; 22:67-80.
Yorkston K,
Strand EA
, Miller R, Hillel A. Speech deterioration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: implications for timing of intervention. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 1992; 1(1):35-46.
Stelmach GE, Worringham CJ,
Strand EA
. The programming and execution of movement sequences in Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci. 1987 Sep; 36(1-2):55-65.
View PubMed
Strand EA
, McNeil MR. Evidence for a motor performance deficit versus a misapplied rule system in the temporal organization of utterances in apraxia of speech. Clinical Aphasiology. 1987; 17:260-70.
Stelmach GE, Worringham CJ,
Strand EA
. Movement preparation in Parkinson's disease. The use of advance information. Brain. 1986 Dec; 109(Pt 6):1179-94.
View PubMed
Strand EA
, McNeil MR. Effects of syntactic confusion on semantic comprehension in aphasia. Clinical Aphasiology. 1986; 16:56-64.
.
Fuel groundbreaking medical research!
Give Today
Your donation powers the future of medicine and helps save lives.
Give Today