Some research suggests that marijuana smokers are diagnosed with depression more often than nonsmokers are — particularly regular or heavy marijuana users. However, it doesn't appear that marijuana directly causes depression.
It's likely that the genetic, environmental or other factors that trigger depression also lead to marijuana use. Some people with depression may use marijuana as a way to detach from their depressive symptoms. Heavy users may appear depressed as a result of the dulling effects of the drug on feelings and emotions.
There also are links between marijuana and other mental health conditions. Marijuana use may trigger schizophrenia or detachment from reality (psychosis) in people who are at higher risk of psychosis. The symptoms of diagnosed psychotic illness may be aggravated if marijuana use continues.
There also is some evidence that teenagers who attempt suicide may be more likely to have used marijuana than those who have not made an attempt. As with marijuana use and depression, more research is needed to better understand these associations.
The bottom line: Marijuana use and depression accompany each other more often than you might expect by chance, but there's no clear evidence that marijuana directly causes depression.
Show References
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- Is there a link between marijuana use and psychiatric disorders? National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/there-link-between-marijuana-use-psychiatric-disorders. Accessed Nov. 6, 2018.
- Danielsson A-K, et al. Cannabis use, depression and anxiety: A 3-year prospective population-based study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2016;193:103.
- Feingold D, et al. Cannabis use and the course and outcome of major depressive disorder: A population based longitudinal study. Psychiatry Research. 2017;251:225.
- Shalit N, et al. The association between cannabis use and suicidality among men and women: A population-based longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2016;205:216.
- Hser Y-I, et al. Reductions in cannabis use are associated with improvements in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality, but not quality of life. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2017;81:53.
- Guttmannova K, et al. The association between regular marijuana use and adult mental health outcomes. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2017;179:109.
- Dierker L, et al. Depression and marijuana use disorder symptoms among current marijuana users. Addictive Behaviors. 2018;78:161.
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/expert-answers/marijuana-and-depression/FAQ-20058060