Asthma and acid reflux often happen together. Acid reflux is the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. Acid reflux can trigger asthma attacks, and asthma symptoms may make acid reflux worse.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, also called GERD, is frequent acid reflux that can damage the esophagus. GERD is commonly diagnosed among people with asthma.
Because of these links, treating GERD may help with asthma management. Lifestyle changes may improve GERD symptoms. These include managing weight and avoiding triggers, such as fatty foods, alcohol and caffeine. Over-the-counter antacid medicines also may improve acid reflux symptoms.
Medicines called proton pump inhibitors, also called PPIs, are available in over-the-counter and prescription doses to treat GERD. Treatment with PPIs may improve asthma management among people who also have GERD. Over-the-counter proton pump inhibitors include lansoprazole (Prevacid 24 HR), omeprazole (Prilosec OTC) and esomeprazole (Nexium 24HR).
Talk to your healthcare professional before adding a PPI to your care plan. You may need to see a specialist about your acid reflux symptoms. Your care professional and you will likely review all medicines you take.
Some asthma medicines, particularly theophylline, may contribute to acid reflux. But theophylline (Theo-24, Elixophyllin) isn't used often. Don't make any changes to your asthma care plan without talking to your healthcare professional.
Show References
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. http://aaaai.org/conditions-treatments/related-conditions/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease. Accessed Feb. 28, 2025.
- Eapen AA, et al. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and vocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction-overlapping conditions that affect asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2024; doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2024.10.006.
- Harding SM. Gastroesophageal reflux and asthma. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Feb. 28, 2025.
- McDonald VM, et al. Treatable traits in asthma: The importance of extrapulmonary traits — GERD, CRSwNP, atopic dermatitis, and depression/anxiety. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. 2024; doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2024.01.020.
- Li JTC (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. March 3, 2025.
Original article: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/expert-answers/asthma-and-acid-reflux/faq-20057993