نظرة عامة
فرط النوم مجهول السبب هو أحد اضطرابات النوم غير الشائعة التي تسبب النعاس الشديد أثناء النهار حتى بعد الحصول على قسط كافٍ من النوم ليلاً. وسبب هذا الاضطراب غير معروف. وغالبًا ما يُسبب أيضًا صعوبة الاستيقاظ بعد النوم. وفي حال أخذ قيلولة، قد لا تشعر بالنشاط وقد تستيقظ مرتبكًا ومشوشًا.
ومن الممكن أن تغلبك الرغبة في النوم في أي وقت، بما في ذلك أثناء قيادة السيارة أو أثناء العمل، مما يجعل فرط النوم مجهول السبب مرضًا خطيرًا.
وغالبًا ما تتطور هذه الحالة تدريجيًا. ويتطلب تشخيص فرط النوم مجهول السبب استبعاد اضطرابات النوم الأخرى الأكثر شيوعًا. والهدف من العلاج هو السيطرة على الأعراض بالأدوية.
الأعراض
The main symptom of idiopathic hypersomnia is being very sleepy during the day. Symptoms begin slowly over several weeks or months and may include:
- Having a strong need to sleep.
- Not being able to stay awake and alert during the day.
- Sleeping more than 11 hours at night.
- Having trouble waking up in the morning.
- Being confused, moving slowly and having trouble with coordination after waking up.
- Feeling anxiety after waking up.
People with idiopathic hypersomnia may need to set several loud alarms to wake up in the morning.
People with the condition also may:
- Take naps longer than an hour.
- Not feel refreshed after naps.
- Have trouble with memory and attention.
Rarely, idiopathic hypersomnia can cause someone to fall asleep suddenly during the day.
Some people with idiopathic hypersomnia may experience automatic behavior when they are very sleepy. This can include staring, or they may drive without purpose and later realize that they are miles from home. Automatic behavior also may include writing or saying things that don't make sense. Afterward, people with idiopathic hypersomnia don't remember the behavior.
الأسباب
The cause of idiopathic hypersomnia is not known.
عوامل الخطورة
Experts don't know what causes idiopathic hypersomnia, so risk factors are not known. But symptoms usually appear at a younger age, between ages 10 and 30. And women may be more likely to have idiopathic hypersomnia than are men.