Christine U. Lee, M.D., Ph.D.

  1. Radiologist
  1. Cario Jenna, Kou Zhengchang, Miller Rita J., Dickenson April, Lee Christine U., Oelze Michael L.. A Radiological Clip Design Using Ultrasound Identification to Improve Localization IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 2024; 71(9):2699-2707.
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  2. Lee CU, Urban MW, Hesley GK, Wood BG, Meier TR, Chen B, Kassmeyer BA, Larson NB, Lee Miller A 2nd, Herrick JL, Jakub JW, Piltin MA. Long-Term Ultrasound Twinkling Detectability and Safety of a Polymethyl Methacrylate Soft Tissue Marker Compared to Conventional Breast Biopsy Markers-A Preclinical Study in a Porcine Model. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2024 Jul; 50 (7):1001-1009 Epub 2024 Apr 04
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  3. Ghaznavi A, Xu J, Lee CU, Hara SA. 3D-printed hollow microneedles array with Luer lock connection for facile and painless intradermal injection: A proof of concept Journal of Advanced Materials Technologies. 2024.
  4. Jang S, Rames JD, Hesley GK, Brinkman NJ, Tran NV, Fahradyan V, Lee CU. Randomized Feasibility Study Evaluating Multiple FDA-approved Microbubbles for CEUS Lymphography. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024 Jul; 12 (7):e5985 Epub 2024 July 17
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  5. Dupere JM, Brost EE, Hainy ME, Lee CU, Urban MW, Stish BJ, Deufel CL. Color VISION for improved ultrasound visualization of brachytherapy needles. Med Phys. 2024 Jun; 51 (6):4340-4350 Epub 2024 Apr 17
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  6. Rames JD, Tran NV, Hesley GK, Fahradyan V, Lee CU. An Allergic Reaction in Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Lymphography for Lymphovenous Bypass Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024 Jun; 12 (6):e5908 Epub 2024 June 17
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  7. Wood BG, Saracaydin R, Hara SA, Lee CU, Urban MW. Using 3-D-Printed Structures to Evaluate the Potential Causes of the Color Doppler Twinkling Signature. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2024 May; 50 (5):671-679 Epub 2024 Feb 07
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  8. Dilaveri C, Degnim A, Lee C, DeSimone D, Moldoveanu D, Ghosh K. Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis. Breast J. 2024; 2024:6693720 Epub 2024 Jan 25
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  9. Lee CU, Hesley GK, Pierson TA, Higgins RL, Urban MW. Breast ultrasound knobology and the knobology of twinkling for marker detection. Transl Breast Cancer Res. 2024; 5:28 Epub 2024 Oct 29
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  10. Fan Z, Gong P, Tang S, Lee CU, Zhang X, Song P, Chen S, Li H. Joint localization and classification of breast masses on ultrasound images using an auxiliary attention-based framework. Med Image Anal. 2023 Dec; 90:102960 Epub 2023 Sept 14
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  11. Dupere JM, Brost EE, Uthamaraj S, Lee CU, Urban MW, Stish BJ, Deufel CL. A new way to visualize prostate brachytherapy needles using ultrasound color Doppler and needle surface modifications. Brachytherapy. 2023 Nov-Dec; 22 (6):761-768 Epub 2023 Aug 30
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  12. Moldoveanu D, Lee C, Hesley G. Framework and guide for intralesional steroid injections in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Eur J Radiol. 2023 Nov; 168:111118 Epub 2023 Sept 29
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  13. Jang S, Bustos SS, Chen AD, Zheng EE, Hesley GK, Brinkman NJ, Carter JS, Tran NV, Fahradyan V, Lee CU. Lymphatic Mapping with Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound for Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis Surgery: How We Do It. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2023 Oct; 11(10):e5328. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
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  14. Lee CU, Piltin MA, Moldoveanu D, Urban MW, Hesley GK. Using US Twinkling Artifact to Identify Breast Biopsy Markers: Brief Report. Radiol Imaging Cancer. 2023 Jul; 5 (4):e220168
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  15. Machado P, Liu JB, Needleman L, Lee C, Forsberg F. Anatomy Versus Physiology: Is Breast Lymphatic Drainage to the Internal Thoracic (Internal Mammary) Lymphatic System Clinically Relevant? J Breast Cancer. 2023 Jun; 26 (3):286-291 Epub 2023 Mar 31
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  16. Lee CU, Larson NB, Urban MW, Miller AL 2nd, Uthamaraj S, Piltin MA, Jakub JW, Bhatt AA, Greenleaf JF, Hesley GK. Factors Associated With Ultrasound Color Doppler Twinkling by Breast Biopsy Markers: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation of 35 Commercially Available Markers. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2023 Mar; 220 (3):358-370 Epub 2022 Aug 31
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  17. Brost EE, Stish BJ, Lee CU, Urban MW, Deufel CL. Improving ultrasound-based brachytherapy needle conspicuity by applying an echogenic coating. Med Phys. 2023 Mar; 50 (3):1418-1427 Epub 2022 Dec 28
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  18. Jakub JW, Hesley GK, Larson NB, Yaszemski MJ, Lee Miller A 2nd, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW, Lee CU. Ultrasonographic Detection and Surgical Retrieval of a Nonmetallic Twinkle Marker in Breast Cancer: Pilot Study. Radiol Imaging Cancer. 2022 Nov; 4 (6):e220053
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  19. Jang S, Lee CU, Hesley GK, Knudsen JM, Brinkman NJ, Tran NV. Lymphatic Mapping Using US Microbubbles before Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis Surgery for Lymphedema. Radiology. 2022 Jul; 304 (1):218-224 Epub 2022 Apr 05
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  20. Lee CU, Urban MW, Lee Miller A 2nd, Uthamaraj S, Jakub JW, Hesley GK, Wood BG, Brinkman NJ, Herrick JL, Larson NB, Yaszemski MJ, Greenleaf JF. Twinkling-guided ultrasound detection of polymethyl methacrylate as a potential breast biopsy marker: a comparative investigation. Eur Radiol Exp. 2022 Jun 17; 6 (1):26 Epub 2022 June 17
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  21. Bhatt AA, Woodard GA, Lee CU, Hesley GK. Urgent and emergent breast lesions - A primer for the general radiologist, on-call resident and sonographer. Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2022 May; 25 (2):54-65 Epub 2022 May 12
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  22. Bhatt AA, Woodard GA, Lee CU. Use of an Introducer for Radioactive Seed Localization of Targets Beyond the Length of Available Preloaded Needles. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2021 Dec; 217 (6):1475 Epub 2021 June 30
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  23. Lee CU, Hesley GK, Uthamaraj S, Larson NB, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW. Using Ultrasound Color Doppler Twinkling to Identify Biopsy Markers in the Breast and Axilla. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2021 Nov; 47 (11):3122-3134 Epub 2021 Aug 16
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  24. Bhatt AA, Whaley DH, Lee CU. Ultrasound-Guided Breast Biopsies: Basic and New Techniques. J Ultrasound Med. 2021 Jul; 40 (7):1427-1443 Epub 2020 Sept 30
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  25. Bhatt AA, Woodard GA, Lee CU. Hydrodissection - Practical applications in ultrasound-guided breast interventions. Clin Imaging. 2021 Apr; 72:198-203 Epub 2020 Nov 13
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  26. Simmons CL, Harper LK, Holst KJ, Brinkman NJ, Lee CU. Bargain Hunting for Buffered Lidocaine: A Collaborative Discovery of Cost-saving Strategies That Can Improve Patient Care. J Breast Imaging. 2021 Jan 26; 3 (1):93-97
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  27. Choudhery S, Patel BK, Johnson M, Geske J, Fazzio RT, Lee C, Pruthi S. Trends of Supplemental Screening in Women With Dense Breasts. J Am Coll Radiol. 2020 Aug; 17 (8):990-998 Epub 2020 Feb 24
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  28. Bhatt AA, Lee CU. A Safe Way to Perform MRI-guided Radioactive Seed Localization. J Breast Imaging. 2020 Jun 3; 2 (3):290-292
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  29. Choudhery S, Simmons C, Woodard GA, Bhatt AA, Anderson TL, Lee CU. Outcomes of solitary dilated breast ducts in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Br J Radiol. 2020 May 1; 93 (1109):20191039 Epub 2020 Feb 28
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  30. Lee CU, Glockner JF, Hesley GK, Brinkman NJ, Tran NV. Two Non-gadolinium-based, Innovative Approaches to Preoperative Lymphangiography. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020 Apr; 8 (4):e2805 Epub 2020 Apr 22
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  31. Lee C, Bhatt A, Felmlee JP, Trester P, Lanners D, Paulsen A, Brunette J. How to Safely Perform Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided Radioactive Seed Localizations in the Breast. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2020; 10:19 Epub 2020 Apr 09
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  32. Lee C, Zhou C, Hyde B, Song P, Hangiandreou N. Techniques for Improving Ultrasound Visualization of Biopsy Markers in Axillary Lymph Nodes. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2020; 10:21 Epub 2020 Apr 18
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  33. Hyde B, Geske J, Lee C. Challenges to I-125 Seed Localization of Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. J Breast Imaging. 2019 Sep 4; 1 (3):223-229
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  34. Zhou W, Favazza CP, Axmacher JA, Trzasko JD, Geske JR, Lee CU. Evaluation of Shimming Techniques on MRI Breast Image Quality at 1.5T. J Breast Imaging. 2019 Sep 4; 1 (3):199-204
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  35. Samreen N, Lee C, Sandhu N, Ghosh K. Percutaneous "biopsy" of biopsy clips: A commentary on our initial experience. Breast J. 2019 May; 25 (3):552-554 Epub 2019 Apr 05
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  36. Choudhery S, Simmons C, Harper L, Lee CU. Tomosynthesis-Guided Needle Localization of Breast and Axillary Lesions: Our Initial Experience. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2019 Apr; 212 (4):943-946 Epub 2019 Jan 23
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  37. Samreen N, Bhatt AA, Glockner J, Lee CU. A Case of Ferumoxytol (Feraheme((R))) Prompting Critical Modification to Our Patient Prebreast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Questionnaire. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2019; 9:6 Epub 2019 Mar 28
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  38. Samreen N, Lee C, Bhatt A, Carter J, Hieken T, Adler K, Zingula S, Glazebrook KN. A Clinical Approach to Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating Chest Wall Invasion of Breast Tumors. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2019; 9:11 Epub 2019 Apr 30
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  39. Lee C. MRI-guided preoperative (125) I seed localizations: Case report. Breast J. 2018 May; 24 (3):397-399 Epub 2017 Nov 05
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  40. Glockner JF, Lee CU, Mounajjed T. Inflammatory hepatic adenomas: Characterization with hepatobiliary MRI contrast agents. Magn Reson Imaging. 2018 Apr; 47:103-110 Epub 2017 Dec 05
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  41. Samreen N, Lee CU, Bhatt AA. Nonconventional Options for Tumor Localization in Breast and Axillary Lymph Nodes: A Pictorial How-To. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2018; 8:54 Epub 2018 Dec 12
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  42. Lee CU, Bobr A, Torres-Mora J. Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Acellular Dermal Matrix (Alloderm((R))) Used in Breast Reconstructive Surgery. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2017; 7:13 Epub 2017 Mar 28
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  43. Glockner JF, Lee CU. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Perirenal Pathology. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2016 May; 67 (2):149-57 Epub 2016 Jan 29
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  44. Glockner JF, Lee CU. MRI of Perirenal Pathology. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal (CARJ). 2015 Accepted for publication; 67(2):149-157. Epub 2016 Jan 29.
  45. Lee CU, Glockner JF. MRI of common and uncommon pathologies involving the periportal space: a pictorial essay. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2016 Jan; 41: (1)149-61.
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  46. Lee C, Boughey J. Case Report of a Synchronous Nipple Adenoma and Breast Carcinoma with Current Multi-modality Radiologic Imaging. Breast J. 2016 Jan-Feb; 22: (1)105-10.
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  47. Del Valle Somiedo Gutierrez M, Villasboas Bisneto JC, Lee CU, Johnson GB, Shen RK, Maldonado F. Pseudomyxoma pleuri. A rare manifestation of an uncommon disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015 Jun 1; 191(11):1334-5.
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  48. Glockner JF, Lee CU. MRI of uncommon and unusual lesions of the duodenum, small bowel, and mesentery. International Journal of Diagnostic Imaging. 2015 Apr 7; 2(2):43-54.
  49. Lee CU, Zreik RT, Boland JM, White ML. Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Metastatic Pulmonary Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of Bone Primary. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2015; 5:50 Epub 2015 Aug 31
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  50. Glockner JF, Lee CU. Balanced steady state-free precession (b-SSFP) imaging for MRCP: techniques and applications. Abdom Imaging. 2014 Dec; 39(6):1309-22.
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  51. Lee CU, Clapp AJ, Jacobson SR. Imaging Features of AlloDerm((R)) Used in Postmastectomy Breast Reconstructions. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2014; 4:19 Epub 2014 Apr 29
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  52. Lee CU, Glockner JF. MRI of uncommon lesions of the large bowel: a pictorial essay. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2014; 4:71 Epub 2014 Dec 31
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  53. Lee CU, White DB, Sykes AM. Establishing a chest MRI practice and its clinical applications: our insight and protocols. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2014; 4:17 Epub 2014 Mar 21
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  54. Glockner JF, Saranathan M, Bayram E, Lee CU. Breath-held MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) using a 3D Dixon fat-water separated balanced steady state free precession sequence. Magn Reson Imaging. 2013 Oct; 31 (8):1263-70 Epub 2013 July 20
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  55. Lee CU, Glockner JF, Glaser KJ, Yin M, Chen J, Kawashima A, Kim B, Kremers WK, Ehman RL, Gloor JM. MR elastography in renal transplant patients and correlation with renal allograft biopsy: a feasibility study. Acad Radiol. 2012 Jul; 19 (7):834-41 Epub 2012 Apr 13
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  56. Clapp AJ, Lee CU, Wood-Wentz CM, Leung N, Dispenzieri A. Imaging evidence for renomegaly in patients with POEMS syndrome. Acad Radiol. 2011 Oct; 18(10):1241-4. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
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  57. Lee CU, Glockner JF. Vascular staging of renal and adrenal malignancies with a noncontrast enhanced steady state free precession technique. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011 Jun; 33(6):1406-13.
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  58. Christensen KN, Lee CU, Hanley MM, Leung N, Moyer TP, Pittelkow MR. Quantification of gadolinium in fresh skin and serum samples from patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Jan; 64: (1)91-6.
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  59. Lee PU, Roberts LR, Kaiya JK, Lee CU. Hepatic adenomas associated with anti-epileptic drugs: a case series and imaging review. Abdom Imaging. 2010 Apr; 35(2):208-11. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
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  60. Leung N, Shaikh A, Cosio FG, Griffin MD, Textor SC, Gloor JM, Schwab TR, Larson TS, Dean PG, Prieto M, Nyberg SL, Stegall MD, Lee CU, Pittelkow MR. The outcome of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis after successful kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2010 Mar; 10 (3):558-62 Epub 2010 Jan 05
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  61. Glockner JF, Lee CU. Magnetic resonance venography. Appl Radiol. 2010; 39(6):36-42.
  62. Lee CU, Wood CM, Hesley GK, Leung N, Bridges MD, Lund JT, Lee PU, Pittelkow MR. Large sample of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis cases from a single institution. Arch Dermatol. 2009 Oct; 145(10):1095-102.
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  63. Leung N, Pittelkow MR, Lee CU, Good JA, Hanley MM, Moyer TP. Chelation of gadolinium with deferoxamine in a patient with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. NDT Plus. 2009 Aug; 2 (4):309-11 Epub 2009 Apr 23
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  64. Saranathan M, Rettmann D, Bayram E, Lee C, Glockner J. Multiecho time-resolved acquisition (META): a high spatiotemporal resolution Dixon imaging sequence for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 Jun; 29(6):1406-13.
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  65. Kane GC, Stanson AW, Kalnicka D, Rosenthal DW, Lee CU, Textor SC, Garovic VD. Comparison between gadolinium and iodine contrast for percutaneous intervention in atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis: clinical outcomes. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008 Apr; 23: (4)1233-40.
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  66. Lee CC, Ward HA, Sharbrough FW, Meyer FB, Marsh WR, Raffel C, So EL, Cascino GD, Shin C, Xu Y, Riederer SJ, Jack CR Jr. Assessment of functional MR imaging in neurosurgical planning. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1999 Sep; 20 (8):1511-9
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  67. Lee CC, Su WW, Hunder GG. Dysarthria associated with giant cell arteritis. J Rheumatol. 1999 Apr; 26(4):931-2.
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  68. Lee CC, Jack CR Jr, Rossman PJ, Riederer SJ. Real-time reconstruction and high-speed processing in functional MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998 Aug; 19 (7):1297-300
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  69. Lee CC, Jack CR Jr, Riederer SJ. Mapping of the central sulcus with functional MR: active versus passive activation tasks. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998 May; 19 (5):847-52
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  70. Lee CC, Grimm RC, Manduca A, Felmlee JP, Ehman RL, Riederer SJ, Jack CR Jr. A prospective approach to correct for inter-image head rotation in fMRI. Magn Reson Med. 1998 Feb; 39 (2):234-43
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  71. Lee CC, Jack CR, Riederer SJ. Use of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1996 Oct; 7(4):665-83.
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  72. Lee CC, Jack CR Jr, Grimm RC, Rossman PJ, Felmlee JP, Ehman RL, Riederer SJ. Real-time adaptive motion correction in functional MRI. Magn Reson Med. 1996 Sep; 36 (3):436-44
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  73. Jack CR Jr, Lee CC, Riederer SJ. Functional brain imaging with a standard 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging system. Acad Radiol. 1995 Oct; 2 (10):916-23
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