Roy A. Greengrass, M.D.

  1. Anesthesiologist
  1. Ardon AE, Curley E, Greengrass R. Safety and Complications of Landmark-based Paravertebral Blocks: A Retrospective Analysis of 979 Patients and 4983 Injections. Clin J Pain. 2024 Jun 1; 40 (6):367-372 Epub 2024 June 01
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  2. Ardon A, Bojaxhi E, Clendenen S, McClain R, Gillespie N, Robards C, Greengrass R. A Change in the Educational Landscape of Regional Anesthesia: A National Survey of Anesthesiology Residency Programs to Assess the Correlation Between the Frequency of Teaching a Block Technique and Clinical Importance. Cureus. 2023 Apr; 15 (4):e37869 Epub 2023 Apr 20
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  3. Ardon AE, George JE 3rd, Gupta K, O'Rourke MJ, Seering MS, Tokita HK, Wilson SH, Moo TA, Lizarraga I, McLaughlin S, Greengrass RA. The Use of Pectoralis Blocks in Breast Surgery: A Practice Advisory and Narrative Review from the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA). Ann Surg Oncol. 2022 Aug; 29 (8):4777-4786 Epub 2022 Apr 15
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  4. Ardon AE, George JE 3rd, Gupta K, O'Rourke MJ, Seering MS, Tokita HK, Wilson SH, Moo TA, Lizarraga I, McLaughlin S, Greengrass RA. ASO Author Reflections: SAMBA's Practice Advisory for the Use of Pectoralis Blocks in Breast Surgery: Overview and Lingering Questions. Ann Surg Oncol. 2022 Aug; 29 (8):4787-4788 Epub 2022 Apr 12
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  5. Ardon AE, George JE 3rd, Gupta K, O'Rourke MJ, Seering MS, Tokita HK, Wilson SH, Moo TA, Lizarraga I, McLaughlin S, Greengrass RA. ASO Visual Abstract: The Use of Pectoralis Blocks in Breast Surgery: A Practice Advisory and Narrative Review From the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA). Ann Surg Oncol. 2022 May 12 [Epub ahead of print]
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  6. Ardon AE, Lee J, Franco CD, Riutort KT, Greengrass RA. Paravertebral block: anatomy and relevant safety issues. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2020 Oct; 73 (5):394-400 Epub 2020 Mar 16
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  7. Greengrass RA, Narouze S, Bendtsen TF, Hadzic A. Cervical plexus and greater occipital nerve blocks: controversies and technique update. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Jun; 44 (6):623-626 Epub 2019 Mar 13
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  8. Ardon AE, Prasad A, McClain RL, Melton MS, Nielsen KC, Greengrass R. Regional Anesthesia for Ambulatory Anesthesiologists. Anesthesiol Clin. 2019 Jun; 37 (2):265-287 Epub 2019 Mar 15
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  9. Bojaxhi E, Lee J, Bowers S, Frank RD, Pak SH, Rosales A, Padron S, Greengrass RA. Paravertebral blocks reduce the risk of postoperative urinary retention in inguinal hernia repair. Hernia. 2018 Oct; 22 (5):871-879 Epub 2018 June 16
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  10. Bojaxhi E, Salek DR, Sherman CE, Greengrass RA. Regional anesthesia for a total knee arthroplasty on an adult patient with spastic diplegia and an intrathecal baclofen pump. Rom J Anaesth Intensive Care. 2017 Apr; 24 (1):69-72
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  11. Ardon AE, Reed RR, McClain RL, Kalava A, Lee J, Redmond J, Greengrass RA. Continuous L2 paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia after direct anterior total hip arthroplasty: A case series Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology. 2017; 24: (1)35-42.
  12. Kalava A, Clendenen S, McKinney JM, Bojaxhi E, Greengrass RA. Bilateral thoracic paravertebral nerve blocks for placement of percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case series. Rom J Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016 Oct; 23 (2):149-153
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  13. Ardon AE, Clendenen SR, Porter SB, Robards CB, Greengrass RA. Opioid consumption in total knee arthroplasty patients: a retrospective comparison of adductor canal and femoral nerve continuous infusions in the presence of a sciatic nerve catheter. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Jun; 31:19-26 Epub 2016 Mar 22
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  14. Bojaxhi E, Kalava A, Greengrass R. Utilization of paravertebral nerve blocks as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen in a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome undergoing a Nuss procedure. Rom J Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016 Apr; 23 (1):67-71
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  15. Soberon JR Jr, Greengrass RA, Davis WE, Murray PM, Feinglass N. Intermediate-term follow-up of chronically ill patients with digital ischemia treated with peripheral digital sympathectomy Rheumatology International. 2016 Feb; 36: (2)301-7.
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  16. Robards CB, Riutort K, Thomas CS, Porter SB, Wang RD, Clendenen SR, Runyan BR, Greengrass RA. Lumbar plexus block surface landmarks as assessed by computed axial tomography in adult patients with scoliosis: a case series. Can J Anaesth. 2015 Apr; 62 (4):385-91 Epub 2015 Jan 09
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  17. Ardon AE, Greengrass RA, Bhuria U, Porter SB, Robards CB, Blasser K. THE USE OF PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCKADE FOR ANALGESIA AFTER ANTERIOR-APPROACH TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 2015 Feb; 23(1):81-9.
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  18. Feinglass NG, Clendenen SR, Shine TS, Martin AK, Greengrass RA. Real-time two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiographic imaging of the thoracic spinal cord: a possible new window into the central neuraxis. J Clin Monit Comput. 2015 Feb; 29 (1):121-5
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  19. Clendenen S, Greengrass R, Whalen J, O'Connor MI. Infrapatellar saphenous neuralgia after TKA can be improved with ultrasound-guided local treatments. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015 Jan; 473 (1):119-25
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  20. Feinglass NG, Clendenen SR, Shine TSJ, Martin AK, Greengrass RA. Real-time two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiographic imaging of the thoracic spinal cord: a possible new window into the central neuraxis. J Clin Monit Comput. 2014; 29(1):121-5.
  21. Ardon AE, Greengrass RA. Ambulatory continuous paravertebral nerve blocks – unclear if catheter necessary. European Society of Regional Anesthesia Review of “Ilfeld BM, Madison SJ, Suresh PJ, Sandhu NS, Kormylo NJ, Malhotra N, Loland VJ, Wallace MS, Proudfoot JA, Morgan AC, Wen CH, Wallace AM. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2014; 39:89-96.
  22. Clendenen SR, Rodriguez GA, Greengrass RA, Lundy LB. Regional anesthesia for craniotomy in a patient with inflammatory myopathy. Jurnalul Roman de Anestezie Terapie Intensiva/Romanian Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 2013; 20(2):134-6.
  23. Greengrass RA, Isenhower MW, Rospigliosi K, Brull SJ. Continuous peripheral nerve catheters and regional analgesia in pregnancy - a brief review of safety. Jurnalul Roman de Anestezie Terapie Intensiva/Romanian Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 2013; 20(2):121-4.
  24. Greengrass RA, Duclas R. Paravertebral blocks. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2012 Winter; 50(1):56-73.
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  25. Riutort KT, Robards CB, Clendenen SR, Brull SJ, Greengrass RA. Continuous peripheral nerve blockade may contribute to early diagnosis of postoperative myocardial infarction in high risk patients. J Rom Anest Terap Int. 2011; 18(1):49-52.
  26. Greengrass RA, Clendenen SR, Ladlie BL, Crook JE, Logvinov II, Robards CB. Paravertebral blockade for inguinal herniorrhaphy - novice performance of anatomic versus nerve stimulator-guided techniques. J Rom Anest Terap Int. 2011; 18(1):5-10.
  27. Ladlie BL, Greengrass RA. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: an infrequent player in the double-crush scenario Acta Anaesth Scand, submitted. 2/2011.
  28. Clendenen SR, Robards CB, Greengrass RA, Brull SJ. Complications of peripheral nerve catheter removal at home: case series of five ambulatory interscalene blocks. Can J Anaesth. 2011 Jan; 58(1):62-7.
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  29. Clendenen SR, Robards CB, Wang RD, Greengrass RA. Continuous interscalene block associated with neck hematoma and postoperative sepsis. Anesth Analg. 2010 Apr; 110(4):1236-8.
  30. Clendenen SR, Robards CB, Wang RD, Greengrass RA. Case report: continuous interscalene block associated with neck hematoma and postoperative sepsis. Anesth Analg. 2010 Apr 1; 110 (4):1236-8 Epub 2010 Feb 08
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  31. Clendenen SR, Rajendran S, Kopacz DJ, Greengrass RA, Robards CB, Weinstein DM, Brodersen MP, Ortiguera CJ, Crook J, Logvinov II. Pregabalin as an adjunct to a multimodal analgesic regimen to achieve opioid sparing in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. J Rom Anesth Terap Int. 2010; 17:5-10.
  32. Clendenen SR, Robards CB, Greengrass RA. Popliteal catheter placement utilizing ultrasound needle guidance system. Local Reg Anesth. 2010; 3:45-8 Epub 2010 July 29
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  33. Clendenen SR, Robards CB, Clendenen NJ, Freidenstein JE, Greengrass RA. Real-time 3-dimensional ultrasound-assisted infraclavicular brachial plexus catheter placement: implications of a new technology. Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2010; 2010 Epub 2010 June 01
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  34. Clendenen SR, Wehle MJ, Rodriguez GA, Greengrass RA. Paravertebral block provides significant opioid sparing after hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy: an expanded case report of 30 patients. J Endourol. 2009 Dec; 23: (12)1979-83.
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  35. Robards C, Wang RD, Clendenen S, Ladlie B, Greengrass R. Sciatic nerve catheter placement: success with using the Raj approach. Anesth Analg. 2009 Sep; 109(3):972-5.
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  36. Clendenen SR, Riutort K, Ladlie BL, Robards C, Franco CD, Greengrass RA. Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound-assisted axillary plexus block defines soft tissue planes. Anesth Analg. 2009 Apr; 108 (4):1347-50
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  37. Robards C, Wang RD, Clendenen SR, Ladlie B, Greengrass RA. Continuous sciatic nerve blockade: feasibility of using the RAJ approach. Anesth Analg, submitted. 2009 Feb.
  38. Clendenen SR, Riutort KT, Feinglass NG, Greengrass RA, Brull SJ. Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound for continuous interscalene brachial plexus blockade. J Anesth. 2009; 23 (3):466-8 Epub 2009 Aug 14
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  39. Clendenen SR, York JE, Wang RD, Greengrass RA. Three-dimensional ultrasound-assisted popliteal catheter placement revealing aberrant anatomy: implications for block failure. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2008 Nov; 52: (10)1429-31.
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  40. Robards C, Clendenen S, Greengrass R. Intravascular injection during ultrasound-guided axillary block: negative aspiration can be misleading. Anesth Analg. 2008 Nov; 107(5):1754-5.
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  41. Feinglass NG, Clendenen SR, Torp KD, Wang RD, Castello R, Greengrass RA. Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound for continuous popliteal blockade: a case report and image description. Anesth Analg. 2007 Jul; 105: (1)272-4.
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  42. Wang RD, Dangler LA, Radson E, Howe BL, Greengrass RA. Management of peripheral nerve catheters at home. Ambulatory Surgery. 2007 Jun; 13(2):7-50.
  43. De Ruyter ML, Brueilly KE, Harrison BA, Greengrass RA, Putzke JD, Brodersen MP. A pilot study on continuous femoral perineural catheter for analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: the effect on physical rehabilitation and outcomes. J Arthroplasty. 2006 Dec; 21(8):1111-7. Epub 2006 Jun 21.
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  44. Falkensammer J, Hakaim AG, Klocker J, Biebl M, Lau LL, Neuhauser B, Mordecai M, Crawford C, Greengrass R. Paravertebral blockade with propofol sedation versus general anesthesia for elective endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Vascular. 2006 Jan-Feb; 14 (1):17-22
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  45. Nielsen KC, Guller U, Steele SM, Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Pietrobon R. Influence of obesity on surgical regional anesthesia in the ambulatory setting: an analysis of 9,038 blocks. Anesthesiology. 2005 Jan; 102(1):181-7.
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  46. Cotter JT, Nielsen KC, Guller U, Steele SM, Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Pietrobon R. Increased body mass index and ASA physical status IV are risk factors for block failure in ambulatory surgery - an analysis of 9,342 blocks. Can J Anaesth. 2004 Oct; 51(8):810-6.
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  47. Shine TSJ, Greengrass RA, Feinglass NG. Use of continuous paravertebral analgesia to facilitate neurologic assessment and enhance recovery after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Anesth Analg. 2004 Jun; 98 (6):1640-1643
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  48. Greengrass RA, Feinglass NG, Murray PM, Trigg SD. Continuous regional anesthesia before surgical peripheral sympathectomy in a patient with severe digital necrosis associated with Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2003 Jul-Aug; 28 (4):354-8
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  49. Weltz CR, Klein SM, Arbo JE, Greengrass RA. Paravertebral block anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair. World J Surg. 2003 Apr; 27(4):425-9.
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  50. Klein SM, Steele SM, Nielsen KC, Pietrobon R, Warner DS, Martin A, Greengrass RA. The difficulties of ambulatory interscalene and intra-articular infusions for rotator cuff surgery: a preliminary report. Can J Anaesth. 2003 Mar; 50(3):265-9.
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  51. Greengrass RA. Posterior lumbar plexus block. Tech Reg Anesth Pain Manag. 2003; 7(1):3-7.
  52. Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Santos A, Greengrass R, Enneking FK. Neurologic complications of peripheral nerve blocks IMRAPT IMRAPT. 2003; 15(3):3-8.
  53. Nielsen KC, Greengrass RA, Pietrobon R, Klein SM, Steele SM. Continuous interscalene brachial plexus blockade provides good analgesia at home after major shoulder surgery-report of four cases. Can J Anaesth. 2003 Jan; 50(1):57-61.
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  54. Klein SM, Pietrobon R, Nielsen KC, Steele SM, Warner DS, Moylan JA, Eubanks WS, Greengrass RA. Paravertebral somatic nerve block compared with peripheral nerve blocks for outpatient inguinal herniorrhaphy. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2002 Sep-Oct; 27(5):476-80.
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  55. Bell EA, Jones BP, Olufolabi AJ, Dexter F, Phillips-Bute B, Greengrass RA, Penning DH, Reynolds JD, Duke Women's Anesthesia Research Group. Iliohypogastric-ilioinguinal peripheral nerve block for post-Cesarean delivery analgesia decreases morphine use but not opioid-related side effects. Can J Anaesth. 2002 Aug-Sep; 49(7):694-700.
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  56. Greengrass R, Buckenmaier CC 3rd. Paravertebral anaesthesia/analgesia for ambulatory surgery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2002 Jun; 16 (2):271-83
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  57. Klein SM, Nielsen KC, Greengrass RA, Warner DS, Martin A, Steele SM. Ambulatory discharge after long-acting peripheral nerve blockade: 2382 blocks with ropivacaine. Anesth Analg. 2002 Jan; 94(1):65-70, table of contents.
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  58. Buckenmaier CC III, Nielsen KC, Pietrobon R, Klein SM, Martin AH, Greengrass RA, Steele SM. Small-dose intrathecal lidocaine versus ropivacaine for anorectal surgery in an ambulatory setting Anesth Analg. 2002; 95(5):1253-7.
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  59. Klein SM, Pietrobon R, Nielsen KC, Warner DS, Greengrass RA, Steele SM. Peripheral nerve blockade with long-acting local anesthetics: a survey of the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2002 Jan; 94(1):71-6.
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  60. Wang RD, Dangler LA, Greengrass RA. Update on ropivacaine. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2001 Dec; 2 (12):2051-63
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  61. Klein SM, Nielsen KC, Martin A, White W, Warner DS, Steele SM, Speer KP, Greengrass RA. Interscalene brachial plexus block with continuous intraarticular infusion of ropivacaine. Anesth Analg. 2001 Sep; 93(3):601-5.
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  62. Grant SA, Nielsen KC, Greengrass RA, Steele SM, Klein SM. Continuous peripheral nerve block for ambulatory surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2001 May-Jun; 26(3):209-14.
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  63. Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Grant SA, Higgins LD, Nielsen KC, Steele SM. Ambulatory surgery for multi-ligament knee reconstruction with continuous dual catheter peripheral nerve blockade. Can J Anaesth. 2001 Apr; 48(4):375-8.
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  64. Luber MJ, Greengrass R, Vail TP. Patient satisfaction and effectiveness of lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve block for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2001 Jan; 16(1):17-21.
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  65. Klein SM, Grant SA, Greengrass RA, Nielsen KC, Speer KP, White W, Warner DS, Steele SM. Interscalene brachial plexus block with a continuous catheter insertion system and a disposable infusion pump. Anesth Analg. 2000 Dec; 91(6):1473-8.
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  66. Klein SM, Slaughter TF, Vail PT, Ginsberg B, El-Moalem HE, Alexander R, D'Ercole F, Greengrass RA, Perumal TT, Welsby I, Gan TJ. Thromboelastography as a perioperative measure of anticoagulation resulting from low molecular weight heparin: a comparison with anti-Xa concentrations. Anesth Analg. 2000 Nov; 91(5):1091-5.
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  67. Klein SM, Bergh A, Steele SM, Georgiade GS, Greengrass RA. Thoracic paravertebral block for breast surgery. Anesth Analg. 2000 Jun; 90(6):1402-5.
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  68. Greengrass RA. Regional anesthesia for ambulatory surgery Anesth Clin North Am. 2000; 18(2):341-353.
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  69. Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Gleason DH, Nunley JA, Steele SM. Major ambulatory surgery with continuous regional anesthesia and a disposable infusion pump. Anesthesiology. 1999 Aug; 91(2):563-5.
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  70. D'Ercole FJ, Scott D, Bell E, Klein SM, Greengrass RA. Paravertebral blockade for modified radical mastectomy in a pregnant patient. Anesth Analg. 1999 Jun; 88(6):1351-3.
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  71. Mulroy MF, Greengrass R, Ganapathy S, Chan V, Heierson A. Sameridine is safe and effective for spinal anesthesia: a comparative dose-ranging study with lidocaine for inguinal hernia repair. Anesth Analg. 1999 Apr; 88(4):815-21.
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  72. Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Steele SM, D'Ercole FJ, Speer KP, Gleason DH, DeLong ER, Warner DS. A comparison of 0.5% bupivacaine, 0.5% ropivacaine, and 0.75% ropivacaine for interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg. 1998 Dec; 87(6):1316-9.
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  73. Greengrass RA, Klein SM, D'Ercole FJ, Gleason DG, Shimer CL, Steele SM. Lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve block for knee arthroplasty: comparison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine. Can J Anaesth. 1998 Nov; 45(11):1094-6.
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  74. Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Weltz C, Warner DS. Paravertebral somatic nerve block for outpatient inguinal herniorrhaphy: an expanded case report of 22 patients. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998 May-Jun; 23(3):306-10.
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  75. Coveney E, Weltz CR, Greengrass R, Iglehart JD, Leight GS, Steele SM, Lyerly HK. Use of paravertebral block anesthesia in the surgical management of breast cancer: experience in 156 cases. Ann Surg. 1998 Apr; 227(4):496-501.
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  76. Greengrass R, Steele SM. Paravertebral blocks for breast surgery Tech Reg Anesth Pain Manage. 1998; 2(1):8-12.
  77. Klein SM, D'Ercole F, Greengrass RA, Warner DS. Enoxaparin associated with psoas hematoma and lumbar plexopathy after lumbar plexus block. Anesthesiology. 1997 Dec; 87(6):1576-9.
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  78. Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Knudsen N, Leight G, Warner DS. Regional anesthesia for thyroidectomy in two patients with amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism. Anesth Analg. 1997 Jul; 85(1):222-4.
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  79. Greengrass R, O'Brien F, Lyerly K, Hardman D, Gleason D, D'Ercole F, Steele S. Paravertebral block for breast cancer surgery. Can J Anaesth. 1996 Aug; 43(8):858-61.
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  80. Baron CM, Kowalski SE, Greengrass R, Horan TA, Unruh HW, Baron CL. Epinephrine decreases postoperative requirements for continuous thoracic epidural fentanyl infusions. Anesth Analg. 1996 Apr; 82(4):760-5.
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  81. Weltz CR, Greengrass RA, Lyerly HK. Ambulatory surgical management of breast carcinoma using paravertebral block. Ann Surg. 1995 Jul; 222(1):19-26.
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  82. Sawchuk CW, Ong B, Unruh HW, Horan TA, Greengrass R. Thoracic versus lumbar epidural fentanyl for postthoracotomy pain. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993 Jun; 55(6):1472-6.
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  83. Bigsgy R, Greengrass RA, Unruh H. Diagnostic algorithm for acute superior vena caval obstruction (SVCO) J Cardiovasc Surg. 1993; 34(4):347-350.
  84. Kowalski SE, Bradley BD, Greengrass RA, Freedman J, Younes MK. Effects of interpleural bupivacaine (0.5%) on canine diaphragmatic function Anesth Analg. 1992; 75(3):400-404.
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  85. Ong BY, Greengrass R, Bose D, Gregory G, Palahniuk RJ. Acidemia impairs autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in newborn lambs. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1986 Jan; 33(1):5-9.
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