Palliative care

Overview

Palliative care is specialized medical care that focuses on providing relief from pain and other symptoms of a serious illness. It also can help you cope with side effects from medical treatments. The availability of palliative care does not depend on whether your condition can be cured.

Palliative care teams aim to provide comfort and improve quality of life for people and their families. This form of care is offered alongside other treatments a person may be receiving.

Palliative care is provided by a team of health care providers, including doctors, nurses, social workers, chaplains and other trained specialists. The team works with you, your family and your other providers to add an extra layer of support and relief that complements your ongoing care.

Mayo Clinic's approach

Why it's done

Palliative care may be offered to people of any age who have a serious or life-threatening illness. It can help adults and children living with illnesses such as:

• Cancer.
• Blood and bone marrow disorders requiring stem cell transplant.
• Heart disease.
• Cystic fibrosis.
• Dementia.
• End-stage liver disease.
• Kidney failure.
• Lung disease.
• Parkinson's disease.
• Stroke and other serious illnesses.

Symptoms that may be improved by palliative care include:

• Pain.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Anxiety or nervousness.
• Depression or sadness.
• Constipation.
• Difficulty breathing.
• Loss of appetite.
• Fatigue.
• Trouble sleeping.

How you prepare

Here's some information to help you get ready for your first consultation appointment.

• Bring a list of symptoms you're experiencing. Write down what makes the symptoms better or worse and whether they affect your ability to go about your daily activities.
• Bring a list of medicines and supplements you use. Write down how often you use the medicines and the doses you take. For example, one pill every four hours for five days. If you can, write what you used that helped with your symptoms or what you used that did not help.
• Consider bringing a family member or friend with you to the appointment.
• Bring any advance directives and living wills you've completed.

What you can expect

Palliative care can be part of your treatment plan at any stage of a serious illness. You may consider palliative care when you have questions about:

• What programs and resources are available to support you throughout your illness.
• Your treatment options and their reasons for and against.
• Making decisions in line with your personal values and goals.

Your first meeting may take place while you're in the hospital or in an outpatient clinic. Research suggests that early use of palliative care services can:

• Improve the quality of life for people with serious illness.
• Decrease depression and anxiety.
• Increase patient and family satisfaction with care.
• In some cases, extend survival.

During the consultation

Your palliative care team will talk with you about your symptoms and current treatments. The team may discuss how this illness is affecting you and your family. You and your palliative care team make a plan to prevent and ease suffering and improve your daily life. This plan will be carried out in coordination with your primary care team in a way that works well with any other treatment you're receiving.

After the consultation

Your palliative care plan is designed to fit your life and needs. It may include elements such as:

• Symptom management. Your palliative care plan will include steps to address your symptoms and improve your comfort and well-being. The care team will answer questions you may have, such as whether your pain medicines will affect treatments you're receiving from your primary health care provider.

• Support and advice. Palliative care services include support for the many difficult situations and decisions you and your family make when you're facing a serious illness.

  You and your family may talk with a palliative care social worker, chaplain or other team member about stress, spiritual questions, financial concerns or how your family will cope if a loved one dies. The palliative care specialists may offer guidance or connect you with community resources.

• Care techniques that improve your comfort and sense of well-being. These may include breathing techniques, healing touch, meditation, visualization or simply listening to music with headphones.
• Referrals. Your palliative care specialist may refer you to other care providers, for example, specialists in psychiatry, pain medicine or integrative medicine.
• Advance care planning. A palliative care team member can talk with you about goals and wishes for your care. This information could then be used to help you develop a living will, advance directive and a health care power of attorney.

Your palliative care team collaborates with your health care providers to ensure your care is well coordinated.

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